Imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma: diagnosis, staging and treatment monitoring.
Imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma: diagnosis, staging and treatment monitoring.
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DOI：
10.1102/1470-7330.2012.0044
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发表时间：
2013-02-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Venkatesh SK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hennedige T;Venkatesh SK
肝细胞癌（HCC）是最常见的原发性肝癌。影像学检查对于确定HCC的诊断很重要。几种成像方式，包括超声（US），计算机断层扫描（CT），磁共振成像（MRI），正电子发射断层扫描（PET）和血管造影术用于评估慢性肝病和疑似HCC患者。CT、MRI和超声造影已取代活检诊断HCC。动态多期增强CT或MRI是目前HCC影像学诊断的标准。功能成像技术，如灌注CT和弥散加权MRI提供了额外的信息，肿瘤血管生成，可能是有用的治疗。评价组织力学特性的技术，如磁共振弹性成像，和声辐射力脉冲成像正在探索表征肝脏病变。PET在HCC评估中的作用正在不断发展，尤其是在使用肝细胞特异性PET示踪剂的情况下。影像学对于评估治疗反应和检测局部治疗后的复发也至关重要。了解HCC治疗后的表现对于正确解释是至关重要的。本文综述了影像学在肝细胞癌诊断、分期和治疗后随访中的作用。
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer. Imaging is important for establishing a diagnosis of HCC. Several imaging modalities including ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET) and angiography are used in evaluating patients with chronic liver disease and suspected HCC. CT, MRI and contrast-enhanced US have replaced biopsy for diagnosis of HCC. Dynamic multiphase contrast-enhanced CT or MRI is the current standard for imaging diagnosis of HCC. Functional imaging techniques such as perfusion CT and diffusion-weighted MRI provide additional information about tumor angiogenesis that may be useful for treatment. Techniques evaluating tissue mechanical properties such as magnetic resonance elastography, and acoustic radiation force impulse imaging are being explored for characterizing liver lesions. The role of PET in the evaluation of HCC is evolving with promise seen especially with the use of a hepatocyte-specific PET tracer. Imaging is also critical for assessment of treatment response and detection of recurrence following locoregional treatment. Knowledge of the post-treatment appearance of HCC is essential for correct interpretation. This review article provides an overview of the role of imaging in the diagnosis, staging and post-treatment follow-up of HCC.
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