Moderators of and mechanisms underlying stereotype threat effects on older adults' memory performance.
Moderators of and mechanisms underlying stereotype threat effects on older adults' memory performance.
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DOI：
10.1080/03610730802716413
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发表时间：
2009-04
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Hodges EA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hess TM;Hinson JT;Hodges EA
最近的研究表明，对衰老的负面刻板印象可能对老年人的记忆力产生不利影响。本研究试图确定是否基于刻板印象的影响是缓和的年龄，教育和担心被污名化。这些影响记忆表现的可能机制也进行了探讨。在诱导或消除刻板印象威胁的条件下，对60 ~ 70岁和71 ~ 82岁的成年人的记忆表现进行了研究。研究发现，威胁对100 - 100岁组的绩效影响大于100 - 100岁组，而污名意识的影响则相反。在这两种情况下，受教育程度较高的人受到的影响最大。进一步的分析发现，很少有证据支持情感反应或工作记忆的中介作用。调解的唯一证据被发现与召回的预测，这表明一个动机的基础上的威胁对性能的影响。这些研究结果突出了刻板印象威胁效应在成年后的特异性，以及这种效应背后可能的机制。
Recent research has suggested that negative stereotypes about aging may have a detrimental influence on older adults' memory performance. This study sought to determine whether stereotype-based influences were moderated by age, education, and concerns about being stigmatized. Possible mechanisms underlying these influences on memory performance were also explored. The memory performance of adults aged 60 to 70 years and 71 to 82 years was examined under conditions designed to induce or eliminate stereotype threat. Threat was found to have a greater impact on performance in the young-old than in the old-old group, whereas the opposite was observed for the effects of stigma consciousness. In both cases, the effects were strongest for those with higher levels of education. Further analyses found little evidence in support of the mediating roles of affective responses or working memory. The only evidence of mediation was found with respect to recall predictions, suggesting a motivational basis of threat effects on performance. These findings highlight the specificity of stereotype threat effects in later adults as well as possible mechanisms underlying such effects.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
6.2
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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