Molecular phylogeny of unikonts: new insights into the position of apusomonads and ancyromonads and the internal relationships of opisthokonts.

Molecular phylogeny of unikonts: new insights into the position of apusomonads and ancyromonads and the internal relationships of opisthokonts.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.protis.2012.09.002
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发表时间:
2013-01
期刊:
影响因子:
2.5
通讯作者:
Ruiz-Trillo I
Ruiz-Trillo I
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Paps J;Medina-Chacón LA;Marshall W;Suga H;Ruiz-Trillo I

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真核生物超类群后鞭毛纲(英语:Opisthokonta)包括动物(后生动物)、真菌和领鞭毛虫,以及较少为人所知的单细胞谱系核螺科(英语:Nucleariidae)、Fonticula alba、Ichthyosporea、Filasterea和Corallochytrium limacisporum。虽然著名的后突齿类的进化位置大多已得到解决,但较模糊的谱系之间的系统发育关系却没有得到解决。在单孔动物门(后孔动物门和变形虫门)中,还没有确定是否无足虫门(无足单胞菌门和钩单胞菌门)或变形虫门形成后孔动物的姐妹群,也没有确定无足虫门属于假设的单孔/双孔划分的哪一边。为了阐明unikonts的进化树,我们已经组装了一个数据集,其中包含了大量的生物和基因样本,包括所有已知的后角体谱系的代表。此外,我们包括新的分子数据,从额外的鱼孢子虫(Creolimax fragrantissima)和choanoflagellate(Codosiga botrytis)。我们的分析表明,Apusozoa作为一个并系组合的unikonts,与Apusomonadida形成一个姐妹组的opisthokonts。在全虫中,鱼孢子虫最先分化,其次是C. limacisporum,Filasterea,Choanoflagellata和后生动物。利用我们的数据丰富树,可以查明形态特征的起源和进化。作为一个例子,我们讨论了单鞭毛体的进化。
The eukaryotic supergroup Opisthokonta includes animals (Metazoa), fungi, and choanoflagellates, as well as the lesser known unicellular lineages Nucleariidae, Fonticula alba, Ichthyosporea, Filasterea and Corallochytrium limacisporum. Whereas the evolutionary positions of the well-known opisthokonts are mostly resolved, the phylogenetic relationships among the more obscure lineages are not. Within the Unikonta (Opisthokonta and Amoebozoa), it has not been determined whether the Apusozoa (apusomonads and ancyromonads) or the Amoebozoa form the sister group to opisthokonts, nor to which side of the hypothesized unikont/bikont divide the Apusozoa belong. Aiming at elucidating the evolutionary tree of the unikonts, we have assembled a dataset with a large sampling of both organisms and genes, including representatives from all known opisthokont lineages. In addition, we include new molecular data from an additional ichthyosporean (Creolimax fragrantissima) and choanoflagellate (Codosiga botrytis). Our analyses show the Apusozoa as a paraphyletic assemblage within the unikonts, with the Apusomonadida forming a sister group to the opisthokonts. Within the Holozoa, the Ichthyosporea diverge first, followed by C. limacisporum, the Filasterea, the Choanoflagellata, and the Metazoa. With our data enriched tree, it is possible to pinpoint the origin and evolution of morphological characters. As an example, we discuss the evolution of the unikont kinetid.
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