Differential effects of swimming versus weight‐bearing activity on bone mineral status of eumenorrheic athletes
Differential effects of swimming versus weight‐bearing activity on bone mineral status of eumenorrheic athletes
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游泳与负重活动对月经正常运动员骨矿物质状态的不同影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
1995
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
R. Marcus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Taaffe;C. Snow;D. Connolly;T. Robinson;Monte D. Brown;R. Marcus
为了研究骨骼负荷模式对骨矿物质密度（BMD）的作用，我们比较了长期接受相反形式骨骼负荷训练的骨质疏松运动员，密集的负重活动（体操，n = 13）和非负重活动（游泳，n = 26）和19名非运动对照。采用双能X线吸收法（DXA）评估腰椎、股骨颈、转子和全身的BMD（g/cm）。全身扫描的分区分析允许不同区域的BMD评估。与体操运动员和非运动对照组相比，游泳运动员更高（p = 0.0001），更重（p > 0.005），并且具有更大的无骨瘦体重（p < 0.001）。当调整体表面积时，游泳运动员和体操运动员的瘦体重没有差异，两者都高于对照组（p < 0.01）。体操运动员的脂肪量低于游泳运动员和对照组（p > 0.005）。脊柱或全身骨密度没有组间差异，但体操运动员经体重校正后的脊柱骨密度高于游泳运动员或对照组。体操运动员的股骨颈BMD（1.117 ± 0.110）高于对照组（0.974 ± 0.105），后者高于游泳运动员（0.875 ± 0.105）（p = 0.0001）。当BMD根据体重和骨大小进行标准化时，该结果仍然适用。体操运动员的大转子BMD（0.898 ± 0.130）也高于对照组（0.784 ± 0.097）和游泳运动员（0.748 ± 0.085）（p = 0.0002），并且在校正体重后仍较高。全身骨密度标准化的体重或骨大小是显着高于体操运动员比游泳。亚区分析显示，体操运动员臂部骨密度高于游泳运动员和对照组（P > 0.01），腿部骨密度高于游泳运动员（P > 0.05）。这些结果表明，体操运动中的高强度负重活动是一种强大的成骨刺激，而长期的非负重训练（如游泳）结合了强有力的肌肉收缩，对年轻女性的骨量没有有益的骨骼影响。
To examine the role of skeletal loading patterns on bone mineral density (BMD), we compared eumenorrheic athletes who chronically trained by opposite forms of skeletal loading, intensive weight‐bearing activity (gymnastics, n = 13), and nonweightbearing activity (swimming, n = 26) and 19 nonathletic controls. BMD (g/cm) of the lumbar spine, femoral neck, trochanter, and whole body was assessed by dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA). Subregion analysis of the whole body scan permitted BMD evaluation of diverse regions. Swimmers were taller (p = 0.0001), heavier (p > 0.005), and had a greater bone‐free lean mass (p < 0.001) than gymnasts and nonathletic controls. When adjusted for body surface area, there was no difference in lean mass between swimmers and gymnasts, and both were higher than controls (p < 0.01). Gymnasts had a lower (p > 0.005) fat mass than swimmers and controls. There were no group differences for spine or whole body BMD, but gymnasts had higher spine BMD corrected for body mass than either swimmers or controls. Gymnasts (1.117 ± 0.110) had higher femoral neck BMD than controls (0.974 ± 0.105), who were higher than swimmers (0.875 ± 0.105) (p = 0.0001). This result still applied when BMD was normalized for body weight and bone size. Trochanter BMD of gymnasts (0.898 ± 0.130) was also higher than controls (0.784 ± 0.097) and swimmers (0.748 ± 0.085) (p = 0.0002), and remained higher when corrected for body mass. Whole body BMD normalized for body mass or bone size was significantly higher in gymnasts than in swimmers. Subregion analysis revealed arm BMD of gymnasts was greater than swimmers and controls (p > 0.01), and gymnasts' leg BMD was higher than that of swimmers (p > 0.05). These results suggest that the intensive weight‐bearing activity characteristic of gymnastics is a powerful osteogenic stimulus and that long‐term nonweightbearing training that incorporates forceful muscular contractions, as in swimming, confers no beneficial skeletal effects on bone mass of young women.
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从事负重和非负重活动的运动员骨密度的决定因素。
DOI：
10.1152/jappl.1989.67.3.1100
发表时间：
1989
期刊：
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Block,JE;Friedlander,AL;Brooks,GA;Steiger,P;Stubbs,HA;Genant,HK
通讯作者：
Genant,HK
影响因子：
39.2
作者：
DALSKY, GP;STOCKE, KS;BIRGE, SJ
通讯作者：
BIRGE, SJ
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
DRINKWATER, BL;NILSON, K;SOUTHWORTH, MB
通讯作者：
SOUTHWORTH, MB
闭经运动员中轴和四肢部位的骨矿物质密度低。
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Myburgh,KH;Bachrach,LK;Lewis,B;Kent,K;Marcus,R
通讯作者：
Marcus,R