Interactive effects of large herbivores and climate on California oak seedling outcomes
Interactive effects of large herbivores and climate on California oak seedling outcomes
复制标题
大型食草动物和气候对加州橡树幼苗结果的交互影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119650
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Orr, Devyn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Parsons, John;Motta, Carina;Sehgal, Garima;Miller-ter-Kuile, Ana;Young, Hillary;Orr, Devyn
树木种群的延续依赖于成功的幼苗建立，而幼苗建立又受到生物和气候因素的控制。由于人为气候变化和土地利用，加州特有的橡树物种面临有限的补充和缩小的范围，这两者都可能对发芽和幼苗存活产生负面影响。在这项研究中，我们investigatedQuercusseed发芽和幼苗建立在三个大的草食动物制度（没有大型草食动物，野生草食动物，野生草食动物和牛）在三个网站代表目前，不久的将来，和遥远的未来预测气候在加州的山地橡树林地。种子萌发和活苗丰度是最高的中间和中温气候水平，总封育导致幼苗的最佳结果。相比之下，在干旱的水平，最好的大型草食动物制度的建立包括野生草食动物和牛。幼苗死亡率最高的最干旱的气候水平，并在该水平内，死亡率降低了25%以上的野生动物和野生动物加牛治疗相比，总的封闭。我们的研究结果表明，增加干旱将限制橡树建立和调节大型草食动物对橡树幼苗的影响，野生大型草食动物成为幼苗丰度的一个有益因素，野生草食动物和牛降低死亡率。动态和上下文知情的大型食草动物种群和其他恢复行动的管理将是必要的，以确保加州的橡树种群的可持续性。
The perpetuation of tree populations is dependent on successful seedling establishment, which is in turn controlled by biotic and climatic factors. California’s endemic oak species face limited recruitment and shrinking ranges due to anthropogenic climate change and land use, both of which can negatively impact germination and seedling survival. In this study, we investigatedQuercusseed germination and seedling establishment under three large herbivore regimes (no large herbivores, wild herbivores, and both wild herbivores and cattle) across three sites representing present, near-future, and far-future projections for climate in California’s montane oak woodlands. Seed germination and living seedling abundance were highest in the intermediate and mesic climate levels, where total exclosures resulted in the best outcomes for seedlings. In contrast, in the arid level, the best large herbivore regime for establishment consisted of wild herbivores and no cattle. Seedling mortality was highest in the most arid climate level, and within that level, mortality was reduced by over 25% in both the wildlife and wildlife plus cattle treatments compared to the total exclosures. Our results suggest that increasing aridity will limit oak establishment and modulate the impact of large herbivores on oak seedlings, with wild large herbivores becoming a beneficial factor for seedling abundance, and both wild herbivores and cattle reducing mortality. Dynamic and contextually informed management of large herbivore populations and other restoration actions will be necessary to ensure the sustainability of California’s oak populations.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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期刊：
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