When does overuse of antibiotics become a tragedy of the commons?

When does overuse of antibiotics become a tragedy of the commons?
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0046505
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Lietman TM
Lietman TM
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Porco TC;Gao D;Scott JC;Shim E;Enanoria WT;Galvani AP;Lietman TM

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抗生素的过度处方被认为会导致耐药微生物的发病率和死亡率增加。由此产生的一种普遍看法是,如果医生能限制抗生素的处方,对社会会更好。在这种观点中,自身利益和社会利益是不一致的,使得抗生素的使用成为一个经典的“公地悲剧”。我们开发了两个数学模型的抗生素耐药性的传播,具有从头耐药性的发展和耐药生物体的传播。我们通过分析个人激励和社区结果,将开抗生素的决定作为一个数学游戏进行分析。利益冲突确实可能产生,但并非在所有情况下。在某些情况下,个人增加使用抗生素有益于社会,尽管耐药菌株或微生物会增加。在增加使用抗生素导致社会不太有利的结果的情况下,抗生素也可能对个人有害。在其他情况下,当自身利益与社会存在冲突时,限制抗体的使用将有利于社会。因此,可能需要对抗生素的适当使用进行逐案评估。
Over-prescribing of antibiotics is considered to result in increased morbidity and mortality from drug-resistant organisms. A resulting common wisdom is that it would be better for society if physicians would restrain their prescription of antibiotics. In this view, self-interest and societal interest are at odds, making antibiotic use a classic “tragedy of the commons”. We developed two mathematical models of transmission of antibiotic resistance, featuring de novo development of resistance and transmission of resistant organisms. We analyzed the decision to prescribe antibiotics as a mathematical game, by analyzing individual incentives and community outcomes. A conflict of interest may indeed result, though not in all cases. Increased use of antibiotics by individuals benefits society under certain circumstances, despite the amplification of drug-resistant strains or organisms. In situations where increased use of antibiotics leads to less favorable outcomes for society, antibiotics may be harmful for the individual as well. For other scenarios, where a conflict between self-interest and society exists, restricting antibody use would benefit society. Thus, a case-by-case assessment of appropriate use of antibiotics may be warranted.
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