Listening to the environment: hearing differences from an epigenetic effect in solitarious and gregarious locusts.
Listening to the environment: hearing differences from an epigenetic effect in solitarious and gregarious locusts.
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2014.1693
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发表时间：
2014-11-22
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Windmill JF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gordon SD;Jackson JC;Rogers SM;Windmill JF
蝗虫表现出一种惊人的表型可塑性，根据种群密度发展成独居阶段或群居阶段。这两个阶段在外观、行为和生理上有很大的不同。我们发现，独居和群居的蝗虫在听觉上有明显的差异，无论是在鼓室还是神经元的反应上。我们确定了鼓室形状的显著差异，这可能是蝗虫在不同阶段听力变化的原因。我们测量了耳朵鼓膜对声音的纳米机械反应，发现独处的动物表现出更大的位移。最后，神经实验表明，独居的蝗虫对高频的反应相对更强。夜间单独飞行的蝗虫对高频声音的反应增强，表明它们在探测蝙蝠的超声波回声定位呼叫上投入了更多的资金，而蝙蝠比白天活跃的群居蝗虫更容易受到这种声波的攻击。这项研究强调了发育过程中表观遗传效应的重要性，并开始确定动物是如何适应其直接环境需求的。
Locusts display a striking form of phenotypic plasticity, developing into either a lone-living solitarious phase or a swarming gregarious phase depending on population density. The two phases differ extensively in appearance, behaviour and physiology. We found that solitarious and gregarious locusts have clear differences in their hearing, both in their tympanal and neuronal responses. We identified significant differences in the shape of the tympana that may be responsible for the variations in hearing between locust phases. We measured the nanometre mechanical responses of the ear's tympanal membrane to sound, finding that solitarious animals exhibit greater displacement. Finally, neural experiments signified that solitarious locusts have a relatively stronger response to high frequencies. The enhanced response to high-frequency sounds in the nocturnally flying solitarious locusts suggests greater investment in detecting the ultrasonic echolocation calls of bats, to which they are more vulnerable than diurnally active gregarious locusts. This study highlights the importance of epigenetic effects set forth during development and begins to identify how animals are equipped to match their immediate environmental needs.
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DOI：
10.1016/0003-3472(59)90037-5
发表时间：
1959-01-01
期刊：
Animal Behaviour London
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ellis, P. E.
通讯作者：
Ellis, P. E.
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.1960.0005
发表时间：
1960-01-01
期刊：
PHIL TRANS ROY SOC LONDON SER B BIOL SCI
影响因子：
--
作者：
GRAY, E. G.
通讯作者：
GRAY, E. G.
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Blackburn, Laura M.;Ott, Swidbert R.;Rogers, Stephen M.
通讯作者：
Rogers, Stephen M.
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Gaten, Edward;Huston, Stephen J.;Matheson, Tom
通讯作者：
Matheson, Tom
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
ROESSINGH, P;SIMPSON, SJ
通讯作者：
SIMPSON, SJ