Effect of wall type, delayed mortality and mosquito age on the residual efficacy of a clothianidin-based indoor residual spray formulation (SumiShield™ 50WG) in southern Mozambique.
Effect of wall type, delayed mortality and mosquito age on the residual efficacy of a clothianidin-based indoor residual spray formulation (SumiShield™ 50WG) in southern Mozambique.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0248604
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Paaijmans K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marti-Soler H;Máquina M;Opiyo M;Alafo C;Sherrard-Smith E;Malheia A;Cuamba N;Sacoor C;Rabinovich R;Aide P;Saúte F;Paaijmans K
室内滞留喷洒是莫桑比克除分发驱虫蚊帐外的主要疟疾病媒控制战略之一。作为国家杀虫剂耐药性管理战略的一部分，莫桑比克于2018年推出了第三代IRS产品SumiShield™ 50 WG。在2018-2019年疟疾季节期间，在莫桑比克南部评估了其剩余效力。使用敏感的阿拉伯按蚊菌株，在两个不同的墙壁表面，水泥和泥抹灰墙，使用标准的WHO（世界卫生组织）锥生物测定试验在三个不同的高度进行评估的残留效力。将两个年龄组（2-5和13-26日龄）的雌性蚊子暴露30分钟，之后观察暴露后24小时、48小时、72小时、96小时和120小时的死亡率，以评估（延迟）死亡率。使用贝叶斯模型估计致死时间（LT）90、LT 50和LT 10。接触后24小时死亡率始终低于80%，即目前世卫组织IRS有效阈值，无论是年轻蚊子还是年老蚊子，无论墙壁表面类型如何。考虑到延迟死亡率，残留效力（蚊子死亡率等于或大于80%）范围为1.5至≥12.5个月，持续时间取决于暴露后的死亡时间、墙壁类型和蚊子年龄。观察暴露后72小时的死亡率，残余效力在6.5至9.5个月之间，取决于墙壁类型和蚊子年龄。年长蚊子的LT 50和LT 10（即90%的蚊子在暴露于杀虫剂后存活）值始终较高（暴露后48小时和72小时死亡率的LT 10值除外），LT 50和LT 10的范围分别为0.9至5.8个月和0.2至7.8个月。本研究强调了评估蚊子死亡率超过目前建议的24小时后暴露的必要性。如果不这样做，可能会导致对室内滞留喷雾杀虫剂产品的残留效力估计不足，因为延迟死亡将导致蚊媒种群进一步减少，并可能对疾病传播产生不利影响。监测相关墙面上的残留效力，包括最终导致疟疾传播的老蚊子，并评估延迟死亡率，对于提供准确和可操作的数据以指导病媒控制方案至关重要。
Indoor residual spraying (IRS) is one of the main malaria vector control strategies in Mozambique alongside the distribution of insecticide treated nets. As part of the national insecticide resistance management strategy, Mozambique introduced SumiShield™ 50WG, a third generation IRS product, in 2018. Its residual efficacy was assessed in southern Mozambique during the 2018–2019 malaria season. Using a susceptible Anopheles arabiensis strain, residual efficacy was assessed on two different wall surfaces, cement and mud-plastered walls, using standard WHO (World Health Organization) cone bioassay tests at three different heights. Female mosquitoes of two age groups (2–5 and 13–26 day old) were exposed for 30 minutes, after which mortality was observed 24h, 48h, 72h, and 96h and 120h post-exposure to assess (delayed) mortality. Lethal times (LT) 90, LT50 and LT10 were estimated using Bayesian models. Mortality 24h post exposure was consistently below 80%, the current WHO threshold value for effective IRS, in both young and old mosquitoes, regardless of wall surface type. Considering delayed mortality, residual efficacies (mosquito mortality equal or greater than 80%) ranged from 1.5 to ≥12.5 months, with the duration depending on mortality time post exposure, wall type and mosquito age. Looking at mortality 72h after exposure, residual efficacy was between 6.5 and 9.5 months, depending on wall type and mosquito age. The LT50 and LT10 (i.e. 90% of the mosquitoes survive exposure to the insecticides) values were consistently higher for older mosquitoes (except for LT10 values for 48h and 72h post-exposure mortality) and ranged from 0.9 to 5.8 months and 0.2 to 7.8 months for LT50 and LT10, respectively. The present study highlights the need for assessing mosquito mortality beyond the currently recommended 24h post exposure. Failure to do so may lead to underestimation of the residual efficacy of IRS products, as delayed mortality will lead to a further reduction in mosquito vector populations and potentially negatively impact disease transmission. Monitoring residual efficacy on relevant wall surfaces, including old mosquitoes that are ultimately responsible for malaria transmission, and assessing delayed mortalities are critical to provide accurate and actionable data to guide vector control programmes.
影响因子：
3
作者：
Arroz JAH;Candrinho B;Pedro S;Mathe G;da Silva M;Tsabete S;Ismael L;Juleca I;Chande M;Bambo F;Munguande O;Julane S;Mussambala F;Alfai E;Muianga O;Matsimbe H;Varela P;Latif C;Mendis C;Lopez M;Karapetyan G;Erskine M
通讯作者：
Erskine M
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Thawer NG;Ngondi JM;Mugalura FE;Emmanuel I;Mwalimu CD;Morou E;Vontas J;Protopopoff N;Rowland M;Mutagahywa J;Lalji S;Molteni F;Ramsan MM;Willilo R;Wright A;Kafuko JM;Ndong I;Reithinger R;Magesa SM
通讯作者：
Magesa SM