Diffusion barriers constrain receptors at synapses.

Diffusion barriers constrain receptors at synapses.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0043032
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Lévi S
Lévi S
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Renner M;Schweizer C;Bannai H;Triller A;Lévi S

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神经递质受体进出突触的流量取决于受体与支架分子的相互作用。然而,大量的跨膜蛋白和丰富的细胞骨架环境可能会对受体在突触内的扩散构成障碍。为了解决这个问题,我们研究了γ-氨基丁酸A型受体(GABAAR)亚单位聚集(γ2)或不聚集(α5)在大鼠海马分离神经元抑制性突触的膜扩散。相对于突触外区域,γ2和α5在抑制性和兴奋性突触处均表现出扩散减少和限制增加,但它们在兴奋性突触处停留时间较短。相比之下,γ2在抑制性突触中的局限性是α5的2.3倍,停留时间是α5的2.3倍,表明α5的突触逃逸更快。此外,使用桥蛋白显性负性方法,我们表明γ2在抑制性突触上的停留时间增加是由于受体-支架相互作用。如GABAAR所示,α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸受体(AMPAR)的兴奋性谷氨酸受体2亚基(GluA 2)在兴奋性和抑制性突触中的迁移率较低,但在兴奋性突触中的停留时间较高。因此,屏障对突触处的受体施加了显著的扩散限制,在突触处受体聚集或不聚集。我们的数据进一步表明,限制和停留时间,而不是扩散系数报告的突触特异性分选,捕获和积累的受体。
The flux of neurotransmitter receptors in and out of synapses depends on receptor interaction with scaffolding molecules. However, the crowd of transmembrane proteins and the rich cytoskeletal environment may constitute obstacles to the diffusion of receptors within the synapse. To address this question, we studied the membrane diffusion of the γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABAAR) subunits clustered (γ2) or not (α5) at inhibitory synapses in rat hippocampal dissociated neurons. Relative to the extrasynaptic region, γ2 and α5 showed reduced diffusion and increased confinement at both inhibitory and excitatory synapses but they dwelled for a short time at excitatory synapses. In contrast, γ2 was ∼3-fold more confined and dwelled ∼3-fold longer in inhibitory synapses than α5, indicating faster synaptic escape of α5. Furthermore, using a gephyrin dominant-negative approach, we showed that the increased residency time of γ2 at inhibitory synapses was due to receptor-scaffold interactions. As shown for GABAAR, the excitatory glutamate receptor 2 subunit (GluA2) of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) had lower mobility in both excitatory and inhibitory synapses but a higher residency time at excitatory synapses. Therefore barriers impose significant diffusion constraints onto receptors at synapses where they accumulate or not. Our data further reveal that the confinement and the dwell time but not the diffusion coefficient report on the synapse specific sorting, trapping and accumulation of receptors.
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