Neuron-glia synapses in the brain.
Neuron-glia synapses in the brain.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.brainresrev.2009.12.003
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发表时间：
2010-05
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Steinhäuser C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bergles DE;Jabs R;Steinhäuser C
研究急性脑组织中单个细胞的电生理特性的能力导致发现许多神经胶质细胞具有对神经元活动快速响应的能力。特别地，被称为NG 2细胞的不同类别的神经胶质细胞表达谷氨酸和GABA的离子型受体，所述神经胶质细胞表现出已经针对胶质细胞亚型（例如复合细胞、多突胶质细胞、突触体细胞和GluR细胞）描述的许多特性。在灰质和白色物质中，NG 2细胞与轴突形成直接的突触连接，这使得这些受体能够瞬时激活。电生理学分析表明，这些神经元-神经胶质突触表现出“经典”神经元-神经元突触的所有特征，包括快速激活、量化反应、易化和抑制以及突触前抑制。电子显微镜观察发现，NG 2细胞的轴突在沿着突起的不连续部位形成形态学上不同的连接，表明NG 2细胞是轴突投射的明显靶点。NG 2细胞表达的AMPA受体表现出不同程度的Ca 2+渗透性，这取决于脑区域和发育阶段，并且在白色物质中，NG 2细胞也显示出表达功能性NMDA受体。在重复刺激后，通过AMPA受体的Ca 2+内流可触发NG 2细胞突触电流的长时程增强。具有显著Ca ~（2+）通透性的受体的表达可能增加NG 2细胞对兴奋性毒性损伤的敏感性。未来的研究，使用转基因小鼠中的受体的表达可以被选择性地操纵在NG 2细胞必须定义这个神秘的神经胶质细胞信号在正常和患病的中枢神经系统的功能。
The ability to investigate the electrophysiological properties of individual cells in acute brain tissue led to the discovery that many glial cells have the capacity to respond rapidly to neuronal activity. In particular, a distinct class of neuroglial cells known as NG2 cells, which exhibit many of the properties that have been described for glial subtypes such as complex cells, polydendrocytes, synantocytes and GluR cells, express ionotropic receptors for glutamate and GABA. In both gray and white matter, NG2 cells form direct synaptic junctions with axons, which enable transient activation of these receptors. Electrophysiological analyses have shown that these neuron-glia synapses exhibit all the hallmarks of ‘classical’ neuron-neuron synapses, including rapid activation, quantized responses, facilitation and depression, and presynaptic inhibition. Electron microscopy indicates that axons form morphologically distinct junctions at discrete sites along processes of NG2 cells, suggesting that NG2 cells are an overt target of axonal projections. AMPA receptors expressed by NG2 cells exhibit varying degrees of Ca2+ permeability, depending on the brain region and stage of development, and in white matter NG2 cells have also been shown to express functional NMDA receptors. Ca2+ influx through AMPA receptors following repetitive stimulation can trigger long term potentiation of synaptic currents in NG2 cells. The expression of receptors with significant Ca2+ permeability may increase the susceptibility of NG2 cells to excitotoxic injury. Future studies using transgenic mice in which expression of receptors can be manipulated selectively in NG2 cells have to define the functions of this enigmatic neuron-glia signaling in the normal and diseased CNS.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Bergles, DE;Roberts, JDB;Jahr, CE
通讯作者：
Jahr, CE
DOI：
10.1023/a:1025751900356
发表时间：
2002-07-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF NEUROCYTOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
Butt, AM;Kiff, J;Berry, M
通讯作者：
Berry, M
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Ge, Woo-Ping;Yang, Xiu-Juan;Duan, Shumin
通讯作者：
Duan, Shumin
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Gudz, TI;Komuro, H;Macklin, WB
通讯作者：
Macklin, WB
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Bordey, A;Sontheimer, H
通讯作者：
Sontheimer, H