Genotyping, Orientalis-like Yersinia pestis, and plague pandemics.

Genotyping, Orientalis-like Yersinia pestis, and plague pandemics.
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DOI:
10.3201/eid1009.030933
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发表时间:
2004-09
影响因子:
11.8
通讯作者:
Raoult D
Raoult D
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Drancourt M;Roux V;Dang LV;Tran-Hung L;Castex D;Chenal-Francisque V;Ogata H;Fournier PE;Crubézy E;Raoult D

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历史上的两次鼠疫大流行可能是由类似东方人的鼠疫耶尔森菌菌株引起的。在过去的1,500年里,有三次大流行病被归因于鼠疫。鼠疫耶尔森菌引起了第三起,它的DNA在第二起的人类遗骸中被发现。Y.鼠疫可能引起了第一次大流行;另外两个生物群,中世纪和东方,可能分别引起了第二次和第三次大流行。为了验证这一假设,我们设计了一个原始的基因分型系统的基础上基因间的间隔区测序称为多个间隔区分型(MST)。我们发现MST区分了36个Y中的每一个生物型。代表三个生物群的鼠疫分离株。当MST应用于从可能死于第一次和第二次大流行的八个人的遗体中收集的牙髓时,该系统识别出与Y。东方鼠疫这些数据表明Y.查士丁尼瘟疫的爆发。历史上的两次鼠疫大流行很可能是由类似东方人的菌株引起的。
Two historical plague pandemics were likely caused by Orientalis-like strains of Yersinia pestis. Three pandemics have been attributed to plague in the last 1,500 years. Yersinia pestis caused the third, and its DNA was found in human remains from the second. The Antiqua biovar of Y. pestis may have caused the first pandemic; the other two biovars, Medievalis and Orientalis, may have caused the second and third pandemics, respectively. To test this hypothesis, we designed an original genotyping system based on intergenic spacer sequencing called multiple spacer typing (MST). We found that MST differentiated every biovar in a collection of 36 Y. pestis isolates representative of the three biovars. When MST was applied to dental pulp collected from remains of eight persons who likely died in the first and second pandemics, this system identified original sequences that matched those of Y. pestis Orientalis. These data indicate that Y. pestis caused cases of Justinian plague. The two historical plague pandemics were likely caused by Orientalis-like strains.
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