Stimulus-category competition, inhibition, and affective devaluation: a novel account of the uncanny valley.
Stimulus-category competition, inhibition, and affective devaluation: a novel account of the uncanny valley.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00249
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Fenske MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ferrey AE;Burleigh TJ;Fenske MJ
与明显的人类和非人类刺激相比，类似人类但不完全像人类的刺激是不受欢迎的。对这种“恐怖谷”效应的解释通常集中在人类相似性的变化如何引起不同的情绪反应。我们提出了一个替代帐户的基础上的新的假设，恐怖谷是不是直接相关的“类人”本身，而是反映了一种更普遍的形式的刺激贬值时，发生抑制被触发，以解决冲突的竞争刺激相关的表示。我们考虑了现有的支持这一假设，并进一步评估其可行性，通过测试的两个相应的预测，产生的冲突解决抑制和厌恶反应之间的联系：（1）即使在没有任何人类相似性的情况下，对于强烈激活多个竞争刺激表征的任何图像，都会发生对神秘类型刺激的明显不喜欢，（2）“恐怖谷”的负峰值应该出现在与刺激相关的最大冲突点，而不是（在存在人类相似性的情况下）总是更接近感知连续体的“人类”端。我们测量了一组代表非人类动物-动物变形的线条画的情感反应，其中每个连续体中点是一个图像（实验1），以及人类-机器人和人类-动物计算机生成的变形（实验2）。所有连续统（包括非人类刺激）都出现了描绘经典恐怖谷功能的情感趋势。图像在连续中点引起显着更多的负面影响比图像在端点，即使当连续包括一个人的端点。这说明了信任-贬值假说的可行性，以及进一步研究对神秘类型刺激的强烈厌恶反映了认知抑制的负面情感后果的可能性的必要性。
Stimuli that resemble humans, but are not perfectly human-like, are disliked compared to distinctly human and non-human stimuli. Accounts of this “Uncanny Valley” effect often focus on how changes in human resemblance can evoke different emotional responses. We present an alternate account based on the novel hypothesis that the Uncanny Valley is not directly related to ‘human-likeness’ per se, but instead reflects a more general form of stimulus devaluation that occurs when inhibition is triggered to resolve conflict between competing stimulus-related representations. We consider existing support for this inhibitory-devaluation hypothesis and further assess its feasibility through tests of two corresponding predictions that arise from the link between conflict-resolving inhibition and aversive response: (1) that the pronounced disliking of Uncanny-type stimuli will occur for any image that strongly activates multiple competing stimulus representations, even in the absence of any human-likeness, and (2) that the negative peak of an ‘Uncanny Valley’ should occur at the point of greatest stimulus-related conflict and not (in the presence of human-likeness) always closer to the ‘human’ end of a perceptual continuum. We measured affective responses to a set of line drawings representing non-human animal–animal morphs, in which each continuum midpoint was a bistable image (Experiment 1), as well as to sets of human-robot and human-animal computer-generated morphs (Experiment 2). Affective trends depicting classic Uncanny Valley functions occurred for all continua, including the non-human stimuli. Images at continua midpoints elicited significantly more negative affect than images at endpoints, even when the continua included a human endpoint. This illustrates the feasibility of the inhibitory-devaluation hypothesis and the need for further research into the possibility that the strong dislike of Uncanny-type stimuli reflects the negative affective consequences of cognitive inhibition.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
CROYLE, RT;COOPER, J
通讯作者：
COOPER, J
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Ferrey AE;Frischen A;Fenske MJ
通讯作者：
Fenske MJ
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Kiss M;Goolsby BA;Raymond JE;Shapiro KL;Silvert L;Nobre AC;Fragopanagos N;Taylor JG;Eimer M
通讯作者：
Eimer M
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8721.2006.00459.x
发表时间：
2006-12-01
影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Fenske, Mark J.;Raymond, Jane E.
通讯作者：
Raymond, Jane E.
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
ELLIOT, AJ;DEVINE, PG
通讯作者：
DEVINE, PG