The Recombination Potential between SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV from Cross-Species Spill-over Infections.

The Recombination Potential between SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV from Cross-Species Spill-over Infections.
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SARS-CoV-2和MERS-CoV之间的跨物种溢出感染的可能性。

DOI:
10.2991/jegh.k.201105.001
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发表时间:
2021-06
影响因子:
7.3
通讯作者:
Mubaraki FA
Mubaraki FA
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sajini AA;Alkayyal AA;Mubaraki FA

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中东(ME)国家正在同时应对两种冠状病毒爆发,中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒(MERS-CoV)和目前的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)。这两种病毒感染同一宿主(人类)和同一细胞(II型肺泡细胞),导致下呼吸道疾病,如肺炎。分子上,MERS冠状病毒和SARS冠状病毒-2通过刺突蛋白分别识别二肽基肽酶-4和血管紧张素转换酶-II进入肺泡细胞。在细胞内,两种病毒隐藏在细胞器中产生负RNA链,并使用非常相似的机制启动复制。在转录水平上,两种病毒都利用相同的转录调控序列(TRS)来转录基因,TRS是复制过程中已知的重组交叉点。使用这两种病毒的全基因组比对,我们确定了ORF 1a和ORF 1b的高序列同源性簇。鉴于在SARS-CoV-2中检测到的高重组率,我们推测在合并感染中,通过TRS和/或同源簇重组是可行的。因此,我们建议在中东和北非国家采取MERS-CoV和SARS-CoV-2的缓解措施和测试。
Countries in the Middle-East (ME) are tackling two corona virus outbreaks simultaneously, Middle-Eastern Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and the current Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Both viruses infect the same host (humans) and the same cell (type-II alveolar cells) causing lower respiratory illnesses such as pneumonia. Molecularly, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 enter alveolar cells via spike proteins recognizing dipeptidyl peptidase-4 and angiotensin converting enzyme-II, respectively. Intracellularly, both viruses hide in organelles to generate negative RNA strands and initiate replication using very similar mechanisms. At the transcription level, both viruses utilise identical Transcription Regulatory Sequences (TRSs), which are known recombination cross-over points during replication, to transcribe genes. Using whole genome alignments of both viruses, we identify clusters of high sequence homology at ORF1a and ORF1b. Given the high recombination rates detected in SARS-CoV-2, we speculate that in co-infections recombination is feasible via TRS and/or clusters of homologies. Accordingly, here we recommend mitigation measure and testing for both MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 in ME countries.
DOI: 10.1126/science.aac8608
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期刊: SCIENCE
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