Genome sequencing of the high oil crop sesame provides insight into oil biosynthesis.
Genome sequencing of the high oil crop sesame provides insight into oil biosynthesis.
复制标题
高油料作物芝麻的基因组测序提供了对油生物合成的深入了解
DOI：
10.1186/gb-2014-15-2-r39
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发表时间：
2014-02-27
期刊：
影响因子：
12.3
通讯作者：
Zhang X
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang L;Yu S;Tong C;Zhao Y;Liu Y;Song C;Zhang Y;Zhang X;Wang Y;Hua W;Li D;Li D;Li F;Yu J;Xu C;Han X;Huang S;Tai S;Wang J;Xu X;Li Y;Liu S;Varshney RK;Wang J;Zhang X
芝麻因其高含油量和高品质而被誉为油料皇后，在热带和亚热带地区广泛种植，是油脂和蛋白质的重要来源。然而，芝麻的分子生物学很大程度上还没有被探索。结果我们报道了一个高质量的芝麻新组合基因组序列，其重叠群N50为52.2kb，支架N50为2.1Mb，估计包含27,148个基因。这些结果揭示了新的、独立的全基因组复制，以及在抗性基因中缺乏Toll/IL-1受体结构域。通过比较基因组和转录组分分析，发现了影响高含油率的候选基因和石油生物合成途径。这揭示了在三酰甘油生物合成途径中，尤其是在种子发育的早期阶段，1型脂质转移基因通过串联复制而扩大，脂质降解基因收缩，以及必需基因的差异表达。对来自12个国家的29份芝麻种质的重新测序数据表明，脂肪相关基因的高度遗传多样性可能与脂肪含量的广泛差异有关。芝麻是芝麻的重要药理成分。结论芝麻基因组作为芝麻目和高油作物中的重要物种，将为芝麻进化、脂肪生物合成和潜在遗传改良的研究奠定基础。
BackgroundSesame,Sesamum indicumL., is considered the queen of oilseeds for its high oil content and quality, and is grown widely in tropical and subtropical areas as an important source of oil and protein. However, the molecular biology of sesame is largely unexplored.ResultsHere, we report a high-quality genome sequence of sesame assembledde novowith a contig N50 of 52.2 kb and a scaffold N50 of 2.1 Mb, containing an estimated 27,148 genes. The results reveal novel, independent whole genome duplication and the absence of the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain in resistance genes. Candidate genes and oil biosynthetic pathways contributing to high oil content were discovered by comparative genomic and transcriptomic analyses. These revealed the expansion of type 1 lipid transfer genes by tandem duplication, the contraction of lipid degradation genes, and the differential expression of essential genes in the triacylglycerol biosynthesis pathway, particularly in the early stage of seed development. Resequencing data in 29 sesame accessions from 12 countries suggested that the high genetic diversity of lipid-related genes might be associated with the wide variation in oil content. Additionally, the results shed light on the pivotal stage of seed development, oil accumulation and potential key genes for sesamin production, an important pharmacological constituent of sesame.ConclusionsAs an important species from the order Lamiales and a high oil crop, the sesame genome will facilitate future research on the evolution of eudicots, as well as the study of lipid biosynthesis and potential genetic improvement of sesame.
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