Convergent Co-option of the Retroviral gag Gene during the Early Evolution of Mammals
Convergent Co-option of the Retroviral gag Gene during the Early Evolution of Mammals
复制标题
哺乳动物早期进化过程中逆转录病毒 gag 基因的趋同共选择
DOI：
10.1128/jvi.00542-19
复制
发表时间：
2019-05
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Guan-Zhu Han
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jianhua Wang;Zhen Gong;Guan-Zhu Han
逆转录病毒偶尔会感染宿主种系，形成内源性逆转录病毒。反过来，脊椎动物为自己的生物功能招募逆转录病毒基因，这一过程被正式称为共同选择或摘除。迄今为止，增选逆转录病毒gag基因很少有报道。在这项研究中，我们在哺乳动物中鉴定了两个增选的逆转录病毒gag基因，分别命名为wucaishi1 （wcs1）和wucaishi2 （wcs2）。wcs1和wcs2的共选分别发生在现代胎盘动物和现代有袋动物出现之前。我们的研究表明，在脊椎动物的进化过程中，逆转录病毒gag基因的共选择可能比以前认为的更频繁地发生。内源性逆转录病毒是过去逆转录病毒感染的记录，在脊椎动物基因组中普遍存在。有时，脊椎动物宿主也会选择逆转录病毒基因来实现自己的生物功能。在这里，我们对脊椎动物基因组中的逆转录病毒gag基因同源物进行了系统基因组调查，并在哺乳动物中鉴定出两个古老的增选逆转录病毒gag基因，分别命名为wucaishi1 （wcs1）和wucaishi2 （wcs2）。保守的合成和进化分析表明，wcs1和wcs2共选择分别发生在现代胎盘哺乳动物起源之前（~ 1亿年前）和现代有袋动物起源之前（~ 8000万年前）。我们发现，在哺乳动物的进化过程中，wcs基因多次丢失或假基因化。wcs1基因在胎盘哺乳动物中主要是负向选择（除了异趾动物），而wcs2基因在有袋动物中则是正向选择。此外，转录组测序（RNA-seq）数据分析表明，wcs1和wcs2基因在广泛的组织中表达。哺乳动物的wcs趋同选择表明逆转录病毒gag基因可能比以前认为的更频繁地改变用途。逆转录病毒偶尔会感染宿主种系，形成内源性逆转录病毒。反过来，脊椎动物为自己的生物功能招募逆转录病毒基因，这一过程被正式称为共同选择或摘除。迄今为止，增选逆转录病毒gag基因很少有报道。在这项研究中，我们在哺乳动物中鉴定了两个增选的逆转录病毒gag基因，分别命名为wucaishi1 （wcs1）和wucaishi2 （wcs2）。wcs1和wcs2的共选分别发生在现代胎盘动物和现代有袋动物出现之前。我们的研究表明，在脊椎动物的进化过程中，逆转录病毒gag基因的共选择可能比以前认为的更频繁地发生。
Retroviruses occasionally can infect host germ lines, forming endogenous retroviruses. Vertebrates, in turn, recruited retroviral genes for their own biological functions, a process formally known as co-option or exaptation. To date, co-opted retroviral gag genes have rarely been reported. In this study, we identified two co-opted retroviral gag genes, designated wucaishi1 (wcs1) and wucaishi2 (wcs2), in mammals. The co-option of wcs1 and wcs2 occurred before the origin of modern placentals and before the origin of modern marsupials, respectively. Our study indicates that retroviral gag gene co-option might have occurred more frequently than previously thought during the evolutionary course of vertebrates. ABSTRACT Endogenous retroviruses, records of past retroviral infections, are ubiquitous in vertebrate genomes. On occasion, vertebrate hosts have co-opted retroviral genes for their own biological functions. Here, we perform a phylogenomic survey of retroviral gag gene homologs within vertebrate genomes and identify two ancient co-opted retroviral gag genes, designated wucaishi1 (wcs1) and wucaishi2 (wcs2), in mammals. Conserved synteny and evolutionary analyses suggest that the wcs1 and wcs2 co-options occurred before the origin of modern placental mammals (∼100 million years ago) and before the origin of modern marsupials (∼80 million years ago), respectively. We found that the wcs genes were lost or pseudogenized multiple times during the evolutionary course of mammals. While the wcs1 gene is mainly subject to negative selection in placental mammals (except in Perissodactyla), the wcs2 gene underwent positive selection in marsupials. Moreover, analyses of transcriptome-sequencing (RNA-seq) data suggest that the wcs1 and the wcs2 genes are expressed in a wide range of tissues. The convergent wcs co-option in mammals implies the retroviral gag gene might have been repurposed more frequently than previously thought. IMPORTANCE Retroviruses occasionally can infect host germ lines, forming endogenous retroviruses. Vertebrates, in turn, recruited retroviral genes for their own biological functions, a process formally known as co-option or exaptation. To date, co-opted retroviral gag genes have rarely been reported. In this study, we identified two co-opted retroviral gag genes, designated wucaishi1 (wcs1) and wucaishi2 (wcs2), in mammals. The co-option of wcs1 and wcs2 occurred before the origin of modern placentals and before the origin of modern marsupials, respectively. Our study indicates that retroviral gag gene co-option might have occurred more frequently than previously thought during the evolutionary course of vertebrates.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
16.8
作者：
Yang Z;Bielawski JP
通讯作者：
Bielawski JP
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Ashley J;Cordy B;Lucia D;Fradkin LG;Budnik V;Thomson T
通讯作者：
Thomson T
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Hedges SB;Marin J;Suleski M;Paymer M;Kumar S
通讯作者：
Kumar S
DOI：
--
发表时间：
--
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
R. She;J. S. Chu;B. Uyar;Jun Wang;Ke Wang;Nansheng Chen
通讯作者：
R. She;J. S. Chu;B. Uyar;Jun Wang;Ke Wang;Nansheng Chen
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Best, S;LeTissier, P;Stoye, JP
通讯作者：
Stoye, JP