Decoding information in the human hippocampus: a user's guide.

Decoding information in the human hippocampus: a user's guide.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.07.007
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发表时间:
2012-11
期刊:
影响因子:
2.6
通讯作者:
Maguire EA
Maguire EA
中科院分区:
心理学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chadwick MJ;Bonnici HM;Maguire EA

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近年来,功能磁共振成像活动的多体素模式分析(MVPA)或“解码”在神经影像学界得到了普及。MVPA与标准的功能磁共振成像分析不同,它关注的是与特定刺激相关的信息是否被编码在多个体素的活动模式中。如果一个刺激可以仅仅从功能性磁共振成像活动的模式中预测或解码,那么这就意味着在识别体素模式的大脑区域中存在关于该刺激的信息。这种检查与特定刺激有关的信息的表示的能力(例如,特别是在大脑区域中的记忆)使得MVPA成为研究大脑结构(如海马体)中的记忆表征的特别合适的方法。这种方法可以打开新的机会,检查海马体的内容,以及它们如何随着时间的推移,随着衰老和病理学的变化。在这里,我们考虑发表的MVPA研究,特别是集中在海马体,并使用它们来说明各种新的问题,可以使用MVPA解决。然后,我们讨论了一些概念和方法上的挑战,可能会出现在这种情况下实施MVPA。总的来说,我们希望强调MVPA的潜在效用,当适当部署,并提供一些初步的指导,那些考虑MVPA作为一种手段来调查海马。多体素模式分析(MVPA)越来越多地用于分析fMRI数据。我们回顾了相对较少的使用MVPA检查海马的研究。我们考虑了与实施这一方法有关的方法学挑战。我们的结论是,功能磁共振MVPA可以提供新的见解海马体的作用。
Multi-voxel pattern analysis (MVPA), or ‘decoding’, of fMRI activity has gained popularity in the neuroimaging community in recent years. MVPA differs from standard fMRI analyses by focusing on whether information relating to specific stimuli is encoded in patterns of activity across multiple voxels. If a stimulus can be predicted, or decoded, solely from the pattern of fMRI activity, it must mean there is information about that stimulus represented in the brain region where the pattern across voxels was identified. This ability to examine the representation of information relating to specific stimuli (e.g., memories) in particular brain areas makes MVPA an especially suitable method for investigating memory representations in brain structures such as the hippocampus. This approach could open up new opportunities to examine hippocampal representations in terms of their content, and how they might change over time, with aging, and pathology. Here we consider published MVPA studies that specifically focused on the hippocampus, and use them to illustrate the kinds of novel questions that can be addressed using MVPA. We then discuss some of the conceptual and methodological challenges that can arise when implementing MVPA in this context. Overall, we hope to highlight the potential utility of MVPA, when appropriately deployed, and provide some initial guidance to those considering MVPA as a means to investigate the hippocampus. ► Multi-voxel pattern analysis (MVPA) is increasingly used to analyse fMRI data. ► We review the relatively few studies that have used MVPA to examine the hippocampus. ► We consider methodological challenges related to implementing this approach. ► We conclude that fMRI MVPA can offer new insights into the role of the hippocampus.
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