A cryptic cytoplasmic male sterility unveils a possible gynodioecious past for Arabidopsis thaliana.
A cryptic cytoplasmic male sterility unveils a possible gynodioecious past for Arabidopsis thaliana.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0062450
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Budar F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gobron N;Waszczak C;Simon M;Hiard S;Boivin S;Charif D;Ducamp A;Wenes E;Budar F
在自然植物群体中，雌雄同体和雌性（即雄性不育植物）共存，通常是由于核和细胞质遗传室（细胞核上位性）之间特定相互作用的遗传位点多态性造成的：细胞质雄性不育（CMS）。虽然在雌蕊异株物种中，CMS明显参与了相关核位点和细胞质基因组的共同进化，但在没有性多态性（隐型CMS）的情况下，CMS遗传因素的发生不容易被发现，也很少被考虑。我们在模式植物拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）中发现了隐性CMS。雄性不育是沙细胞质与位于1号染色体和3号染色体上的两个Mr-0基因组区相互作用的结果。在与Sha或Mr-0杂交的杂交中，还鉴定出带有核不育保持子或不育细胞质的附加材料。通过比较两种具有不同雄性不育诱导能力的密切相关的细胞质，我们发现了一种新的线粒体ORF，命名为orf117Sha，它很可能是Sha细胞质的不育因子。对世界各地自然资源中orf117Sha的存在进行了调查。在主要起源于中亚的一个分支的材料中，发现它主要与单一的叶绿体有关。该分支中超过三分之一的成员携带orf117Sha，表明不育诱导细胞质在该分支中已经扩散。我们还报道了在自然种群中，在小的局部尺度上，灭菌细胞质与非灭菌细胞质共存；此外，在该群体中检测到细胞型与核单倍型之间的相关性。研究结果表明，在拟南芥以异交为主的时期，该CMS系统诱导了拟南芥群体的性多态性。
Gynodioecy, the coexistence of hermaphrodites and females (i.e. male-sterile plants) in natural plant populations, most often results from polymorphism at genetic loci involved in a particular interaction between the nuclear and cytoplasmic genetic compartments (cytonuclear epistasis): cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS). Although CMS clearly contributes to the coevolution of involved nuclear loci and cytoplasmic genomes in gynodioecious species, the occurrence of CMS genetic factors in the absence of sexual polymorphism (cryptic CMS) is not easily detected and rarely taken in consideration. We found cryptic CMS in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana after crossing distantly related accessions, Sha and Mr-0. Male sterility resulted from an interaction between the Sha cytoplasm and two Mr-0 genomic regions located on chromosome 1 and chromosome 3. Additional accessions with either nuclear sterility maintainers or sterilizing cytoplasms were identified from crosses with either Sha or Mr-0. By comparing two very closely related cytoplasms with different male-sterility inducing abilities, we identified a novel mitochondrial ORF, named orf117Sha, that is most likely the sterilizing factor of the Sha cytoplasm. The presence of orf117Sha was investigated in worldwide natural accessions. It was found mainly associated with a single chlorotype in accessions belonging to a clade predominantly originating from Central Asia. More than one-third of accessions from this clade carried orf117Sha, indicating that the sterilizing-inducing cytoplasm had spread in this lineage. We also report the coexistence of the sterilizing cytoplasm with a non-sterilizing cytoplasm at a small, local scale in a natural population; in addition a correlation between cytotype and nuclear haplotype was detected in this population. Our results suggest that this CMS system induced sexual polymorphism in A. thaliana populations, at the time when the species was mainly outcrossing.
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