The Benefits of Vitamin D Supplementation for Athletes: Better Performance and Reduced Risk of COVID-19.
The Benefits of Vitamin D Supplementation for Athletes: Better Performance and Reduced Risk of COVID-19.
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DOI：
10.3390/nu12123741
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发表时间：
2020-12-04
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Rockwell MS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grant WB;Lahore H;Rockwell MS
COVID-19 大流行正在给大学和职业体育运动带来重大的经济和个人影响。体育赛事被取消或推迟，即使最近美国棒球和篮球赛季恢复，也没有球迷到场。随着比赛恢复，多名球员感染了新冠肺炎 (COVID-19)，扰乱了部分赛程。目前正在科学考虑的一个假设是，服用维生素补充剂来提高血清 25-羟基维生素 D [25(OH)D] 浓度可以快速降低 COVID-19 的风险和/或严重程度。已确定维生素 D 可以通过多种机制降低感染风险以及 COVID-19 的严重程度、死亡和长期影响：(1) 诱导抗菌肽和防御素的产生，以减少 SARS-CoV-2 病毒的存活和复制； （2）减少炎症和促炎细胞因子的产生，以及损害肺、心脏、血管系统和其他器官上皮层的“细胞因子风暴”的风险； (3)增加血管紧张素转换酶2的产生，从而限制病毒可用于造成损害的血管紧张素II的量。临床试验已证实补充维生素 D 可降低急性呼吸道感染的风险，大约 30 项观察性研究表明，COVID-19 的发病率、严重程度和死亡与血清 25(OH)D 浓度呈负相关。维生素 D 补充剂已为许多运动员和运动队所熟知，因为它可以提高运动表现并延长运动寿命。因此，运动员应考虑补充维生素 D 作为降低 COVID-19 风险及其后果的额外手段。
The COVID-19 pandemic is having major economic and personal consequences for collegiate and professional sports. Sporting events have been canceled or postponed, and even when baseball and basketball seasons resumed in the United States recently, no fans were in attendance. As play resumed, several players developed COVID-19, disrupting some of the schedules. A hypothesis now under scientific consideration is that taking vitamin supplements to raise serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations could quickly reduce the risk and/or severity of COVID-19. Several mechanisms have been identified through which vitamin D could reduce the risks of infection and severity, death, and long-haul effects of COVID-19: (1) inducing production of cathelicidin and defensins to reduce the survival and replication of the SARS-CoV-2 virus; (2) reducing inflammation and the production of proinflammatory cytokines and risk of the “cytokine storm” that damages the epithelial layer of the lungs, heart, vascular system, and other organs; and (3) increasing production of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, thus limiting the amount of angiotensin II available to the virus to cause damage. Clinical trials have confirmed that vitamin D supplementation reduces risk of acute respiratory tract infections, and approximately 30 observational studies have shown that incidence, severity, and death from COVID-19 are inversely correlated with serum 25(OH)D concentrations. Vitamin D supplementation is already familiar to many athletes and sports teams because it improves athletic performance and increases playing longevity. Thus, athletes should consider vitamin D supplementation to serve as an additional means by which to reduce risk of COVID-19 and its consequences.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
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