The Response of the Near-Surface Tropical Cyclone Wind Field to Inland Surface Roughness Length and Soil Moisture Content during and after Landfall
The Response of the Near-Surface Tropical Cyclone Wind Field to Inland Surface Roughness Length and Soil Moisture Content during and after Landfall
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登陆前后近地表热带气旋风场对内陆表面粗糙度长度和土壤含水量的响应
DOI：
10.1175/jas-d-20-0211.1
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Nolan, David S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hlywiak, James;Nolan, David S.
内陆风衰减的敏感性，以现实的内陆表面粗糙度长度和土壤水分含量进行评估的强烈，理想化的热带气旋（TC）的4类强度登陆。结果表明，在整个衰减过程中，粗糙度和湿度的相对敏感性是不同的，并依赖于涡的强度和大小。首先，在登陆后12小时内，强烈的风在表面迅速衰减的反应，在表面粗糙度和减少焓通量的突然变化。边界层以上的风速衰减速度较慢。土壤含水量的差异影响强度最小，在第一个12小时，作为增强的潜热通量从高含水量是由增强表面冷却反击。TC衰减到热带风暴强度后，减弱速度减慢，强度衰减对土壤湿度的敏感性增加。增加的潜热加热变得足够重要，以对抗表面温度冷却，导致最大风半径扩大之外的对流增强。这支持较慢的衰减。此外，径向风廓线的象限衰减是高度不对称的，因为后部和左侧的运动象限衰减最快。增加地表粗糙度加速了最强风的衰减，而增加土壤湿度则减缓了较大TC风场的衰减。结果对内陆TC风的预测和了解潜在的损害有影响。
The sensitivity of the inland wind decay to realistic inland surface roughness lengths and soil moisture contents is evaluated for strong, idealized tropical cyclones (TCs) of category 4 strength making landfall. Results show that the relative sensitivities to roughness and moisture differ throughout the decay process, and are dependent on the strength and size of the vortex. First, within 12 h of landfall, intense winds at the surface decay rapidly in reaction to the sudden change in surface roughness and decreasing enthalpy fluxes. Wind speeds above the boundary layer decay at a slower rate. Differences in soil moisture contents minimally affect intensity during the first 12 h, as the enhancement of latent heat fluxes from high moisture contents is countered by enhanced surface cooling. After TCs decay to tropical storm intensities, weakening slows and the sensitivity of the intensity decay to soil moisture increases. Increased latent heating becomes significant enough to combat surface temperature cooling, resulting in enhanced convection outside of the expanding radius of maximum winds. This supports a slower decay. Additionally, the decay of the radial wind profile by quadrant is highly asymmetric, as the rear and left-of-motion quadrants decay the fastest. Increasing surface roughness accelerates the decay of the strongest winds, while increasing soil moisture slows the decay of the larger TC wind field. Results have implications for inland forecasting of TC winds and understanding the potential for damage.
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影响因子：
8.9
作者：
Shengming Tang;Roger K. Smith;M. Montgomery;M. Gu
通讯作者：
Shengming Tang;Roger K. Smith;M. Montgomery;M. Gu
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
A. Alford;Jun A. Zhang;M. Biggerstaff;P. Dodge;F. Marks;D. Bodine
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
T. K. Andersen;J. M. Shepherd
通讯作者：
J. M. Shepherd
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
Richard J. Krupar;J. Schroeder;D. A. Smith;Song‐Lak Kang;S. Lorsolo
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S. Lorsolo
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
A. Colette;Nadja Leith;V. Daniel;E. Bellone;D. Nolan
通讯作者：
D. Nolan