A core gut microbiome in obese and lean twins.
A core gut microbiome in obese and lean twins.
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DOI：
10.1038/nature07540
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发表时间：
2009-01-22
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Gordon, Jeffrey I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Turnbaugh, Peter J.;Hamady, Micah;Yatsunenko, Tanya;Cantarel, Brandi L.;Duncan, Alexis;Ley, Ruth E.;Sogin, Mitchell L.;Jones, William J.;Roe, Bruce A.;Affourtit, Jason P.;Egholm, Michael;Henrissat, Bernard;Heath, Andrew C.;Knight, Rob;Gordon, Jeffrey I.
人类远端肠道拥有大量的微生物（微生物群），为我们提供重要的代谢能力，包括从难以消化的膳食多糖中提取能量的能力。通过对16S rRNA基因进行测序，对少数不相关的健康成年人的研究显示，他们的肠道群落具有很大的多样性，但这种多样性如何与微生物群（肠道微生物组）集体基因组中的功能和其余基因相关仍然不清楚。对瘦小鼠和肥胖小鼠的研究表明，肠道微生物群通过影响从饮食中收获卡路里的效率以及如何利用和储存这种收获的能量来影响能量平衡。为了解决宿主基因型、环境暴露和宿主肥胖如何影响肠道微生物组的问题，我们对与瘦或肥胖一致的成年雌性同卵和异卵双胞胎及其母亲的粪便微生物群落进行了表征。对154个个体的分析产生了9，920个近全长和1，937，461个部分细菌16S rRNA序列，加上来自其微生物组的2.14千兆碱基。结果表明，人类肠道微生物组在家庭成员之间共享，但每个人的肠道微生物群落在存在的特定细菌谱系中各不相同，成年同卵双胞胎和异卵双胞胎之间的共变程度相当。然而，在采样的个体中存在广泛的共享微生物基因，包括基因上的广泛的、可识别的“核心微生物组”，而不是生物体谱系水平。肥胖与微生物群的门级变化、细菌多样性减少以及细菌基因和代谢途径的改变有关。这些结果表明，生物体组合的多样性仍然可以在功能水平上产生核心微生物组，并且偏离该核心与不同的生理状态（肥胖与瘦）相关。
The human distal gut harbors a vast ensemble of microbes (the microbiota) that provide us with important metabolic capabilities, including the ability to extract energy from otherwise indigestible dietary polysaccharides. Studies of a small number of unrelated, healthy adults have revealed substantial diversity in their gut communities, as measured by sequencing 16S rRNA genes, yet how this diversity relates to function and to the rest of the genes in the collective genomes of the microbiota (the gut microbiome) remains obscure. Studies of lean and obese mice suggest that the gut microbiota affects energy balance by influencing the efficiency of calorie harvest from the diet, and how this harvested energy is utilized and stored. To address the question of how host genotype, environmental exposures, and host adiposity influence the gut microbiome, we have characterized the fecal microbial communities of adult female monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs concordant for leanness or obesity, and their mothers. Analysis of 154 individuals yielded 9,920 near full-length and 1,937,461 partial bacterial 16S rRNA sequences, plus 2.14 gigabases from their microbiomes. The results reveal that the human gut microbiome is shared among family members, but that each person’s gut microbial community varies in the specific bacterial lineages present, with a comparable degree of co-variation between adult monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs. However, there was a wide array of shared microbial genes among sampled individuals, comprising an extensive, identifiable ‘core microbiome’ at the gene, rather than at the organismal lineage level. Obesity is associated with phylum-level changes in the microbiota, reduced bacterial diversity, and altered representation of bacterial genes and metabolic pathways. These results demonstrate that a diversity of organismal assemblages can nonetheless yield a core microbiome at a functional level, and that deviations from this core are associated with different physiologic states (obese versus lean).
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影响因子：
158.5
作者：
BOUCHARD, C;TREMBLAY, A;FOURNIER, G
通讯作者：
FOURNIER, G
影响因子：
12.3
作者：
Knight R;Maxwell P;Birmingham A;Carnes J;Caporaso JG;Easton BC;Eaton M;Hamady M;Lindsay H;Liu Z;Lozupone C;McDonald D;Robeson M;Sammut R;Smit S;Wakefield MJ;Widmann J;Wikman S;Wilson S;Ying H;Huttley GA
通讯作者：
Huttley GA
影响因子：
3
作者：
Rodriguez-Brito B;Rohwer F;Edwards RA
通讯作者：
Edwards RA
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
FAITH, DP
通讯作者：
FAITH, DP
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Gill, Steven R.;Pop, Mihai;Nelson, Karen E.
通讯作者：
Nelson, Karen E.