What explains rare and conspicuous colours in a snail? A test of time-series data against models of drift, migration or selection.
What explains rare and conspicuous colours in a snail? A test of time-series data against models of drift, migration or selection.
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DOI：
10.1038/hdy.2016.77
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发表时间：
2017-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Butlin, R. K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johannesson, K.;Butlin, R. K.
令人感兴趣的是，猎物物种的显著颜色变化可能与隐色变化一起维持在低频率。捕食者使用搜索图像进行负频率依赖选择（“叛教选择”），通常不拒绝其他解释。利用最大似然方法，我们将遗传漂变、迁移、恒定选择、杂合子优势或负频率依赖选择模型的预测拟合到一种海蜗牛（Littorina saxatilis）分离种群的颜色频率时间序列数据中，并在干扰颜色形态频率的情况下重新建立，并进行了bbb20代的跟踪研究。具有明显颜色（白色，红色，带状）的蜗牛在研究区域自然稀少（通常小于10%），但在1992年实验开始时，在8个种群中，频率被控制到约50%（每个种群一种颜色）。2013年，频率下降到~ 15-45%。单靠漂移并不能解释这些变化。任何人口都不能拒绝移徙，但所要求的移徙率要比记录的高得多。在三个种群中，定向选择被拒绝，有利于平衡选择。杂合子优势和负频率依赖选择在统计上无法区分，尽管总体结果倾向于后者。由于轻度或可变的颜色选择（3-11%）与人口统计学的随机性相互作用，种群具有特殊的差异，总体结论是多种机制可能有助于维持多态性。
It is intriguing that conspicuous colour morphs of a prey species may be maintained at low frequencies alongside cryptic morphs. Negative frequency-dependent selection by predators using search images (‘apostatic selection') is often suggested without rejecting alternative explanations. Using a maximum likelihood approach we fitted predictions from models of genetic drift, migration, constant selection, heterozygote advantage or negative frequency-dependent selection to time-series data of colour frequencies in isolated populations of a marine snail (Littorina saxatilis), re-established with perturbed colour morph frequencies and followed for >20 generations. Snails of conspicuous colours (white, red, banded) are naturally rare in the study area (usually <10%) but frequencies were manipulated to levels of ~50% (one colour per population) in 8 populations at the start of the experiment in 1992. In 2013, frequencies had declined to ~15–45%. Drift alone could not explain these changes. Migration could not be rejected in any population, but required rates much higher than those recorded. Directional selection was rejected in three populations in favour of balancing selection. Heterozygote advantage and negative frequency-dependent selection could not be distinguished statistically, although overall the results favoured the latter. Populations varied idiosyncratically as mild or variable colour selection (3–11%) interacted with demographic stochasticity, and the overall conclusion was that multiple mechanisms may contribute to maintaining the polymorphisms.
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影响因子：
2.7
作者：
HEATH, DJ
通讯作者：
HEATH, DJ
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
GOODHART, CB
通讯作者：
GOODHART, CB
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Bolton, Peri E.;Rollins, Lee A.;Griffith, Simon C.
通讯作者：
Griffith, Simon C.
DOI：
10.1111/j.1095-8312.2007.00710.x
发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Cook, Laurence M.
通讯作者：
Cook, Laurence M.
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Bellido, A;Madec, L;Guiller, A
通讯作者：
Guiller, A