Genes and Their Molecular Functions Determining Seed Structure, Components, and Quality of Rice.
Genes and Their Molecular Functions Determining Seed Structure, Components, and Quality of Rice.
复制标题
决定水稻种子结构、组成和品质的基因及其分子功能。
DOI：
10.1186/s12284-022-00562-8
复制
发表时间：
2022-03-18
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Li QF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li P;Chen YH;Lu J;Zhang CQ;Liu QQ;Li QF
随着人们生活水平的提高和世界范围内大米贸易的发展，对优质大米的需求不断增加。因此，培育优质稻米是满足市场需求的关键。然而，稻米品质改良的进展远远落后于稻米产量。这可能是由于稻米品质研究的复杂性，以及缺乏一致的优质稻米定义和评价标准。稻米品质的主要组成部分包括碾磨品质、外观品质、食味品质和营养品质。重要的是，所有这些品质性状都直接或间接地由水稻种子的结构和组成决定。水稻种子的结构主要由小穗船体、种皮、糊粉层、胚和胚乳组成。其中，颖花船体大小是决定水稻籽粒大小的关键因素，它通常影响水稻的AQ、MQ和ECQ。胚乳是水稻种子的主要可食部分，主要由淀粉和蛋白质组成。因此，稻米淀粉和蛋白质的含量、组成和理化性质对稻米的多种品质性状起着至关重要的作用。此外，稻米种子不同部位所含的脂类、矿物质、维生素和植物化学物质等也对稻米品质有重要影响，尤其是NQ。水稻种子的生长发育受多个基因的精确控制，因此，克隆和解析这些品质相关基因将有助于提高对稻米品质的认识，并有助于培育优质稻米。本文综述了近年来水稻种子结构和组成调控关键基因的克隆、功能及其对稻米品质的影响。这些信息将促进和推动未来的优质水稻育种计划。
With the improvement of people's living standards and rice trade worldwide, the demand for high-quality rice is increasing. Therefore, breeding high quality rice is critical to meet the market demand. However, progress in improving rice grain quality lags far behind that of rice yield. This might be because of the complexity of rice grain quality research, and the lack of consensus definition and evaluation standards for high quality rice. In general, the main components of rice grain quality are milling quality (MQ), appearance quality (AQ), eating and cooking quality (ECQ), and nutritional quality (NQ). Importantly, all these quality traits are determined directly or indirectly by the structure and composition of the rice seeds. Structurally, rice seeds mainly comprise the spikelet hull, seed coat, aleurone layer, embryo, and endosperm. Among them, the size of spikelet hull is the key determinant of rice grain size, which usually affects rice AQ, MQ, and ECQ. The endosperm, mainly composed of starch and protein, is the major edible part of the rice seed. Therefore, the content, constitution, and physicochemical properties of starch and protein are crucial for multiple rice grain quality traits. Moreover, the other substances, such as lipids, minerals, vitamins, and phytochemicals, included in different parts of the rice seed, also contribute significantly to rice grain quality, especially the NQ. Rice seed growth and development are precisely controlled by many genes; therefore, cloning and dissecting these quality-related genes will enhance our knowledge of rice grain quality and will assist with the breeding of high quality rice. This review focuses on summarizing the recent progress on cloning key genes and their functions in regulating rice seed structure and composition, and their corresponding contributions to rice grain quality. This information will facilitate and advance future high quality rice breeding programs.
登录
查看更多内容
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2014860117
发表时间：
2020-10-20
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Baysal, Can;He, Wenshu;Christou, Paul
通讯作者：
Christou, Paul
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.96.18.10284
发表时间：
1999-08-31
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Ashikari, M;Wu, JZ;Yoshimura, A
通讯作者：
Yoshimura, A
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Bao, J. S.;Corke, H.;Sun, M.
通讯作者：
Sun, M.
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Chen, Saihua;Wu, Juan;Xu, Mingliang
通讯作者：
Xu, Mingliang
影响因子：
13.8
作者：
Bello, Babatunde Kazeem;Hou, Yuxuan;Zhang, Jian
通讯作者：
Zhang, Jian