Reactance, the self, and its group: When threats to freedom come from the ingroup versus the outgroup

Reactance, the self, and its group: When threats to freedom come from the ingroup versus the outgroup
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反应、自我及其群体:当自由的威胁来自于内部群体与外部群体时

DOI:
10.1002/ejsp.857
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
Aichhorn
Aichhorn
中科院分区:
心理学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Graupmann;Hawelka;Aichhorn

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我们研究了这样一个假设:独立的自我构念与相互依赖的自我构念在不同的群体背景下会产生不同的心理反应表现。我们期望集体主义者(相互依存)在面对外群体威胁时比个人主义者(独立)更重视内群体的集体自由,个人主义者应该保护他们的个人自由,尤其是在内群体内。在研究一中,我们表明,当集体主义者(台湾学生)的选择自由受到来自内群体的威胁时,他们并没有表现出抗拒,但当威胁来自外群体时,他们确实表现出了抗拒。在研究 2 中,奥地利学生在面对外群体限制时,自我构念越相互依赖,表现出的反应就越强烈。然而,奥地利学生的自我认知越独立,当来自内部群体的威胁时,他们表现出的反应就越强烈。在研究 3 中,启动独立(相对于相互依赖)的自我构念,我们再次观察到当自由受到内群体限制时,人们会产生更多的反应。研究结果强调了将心理抗拒理解为一种社会现象的重要性。版权所有 © 2011 约翰·威利父子有限公司
We investigated the assumption that independent versus interdependent self‐construals yield different manifestations of psychological reactance in different group contexts. We expected collectivists (interdependent) to value the collective freedom of an ingroup more in face of an outgroup threat than individualists (independent) who should be protective of their individual freedom especially within an ingroup. In Study 1, we showed that collectivists (Taiwanese students) did not show reactance when a threat to their freedom of choice originated in the ingroup, but they did show reactance when it originated in an outgroup. In Study 2, Austrian students showed more reactance the more interdependent their self‐construal was when confronted with an outgroup restriction. However, the more independent Austrian students' self‐construal was, the more reactance they showed when the threat came from the ingroup. Priming an independent (versus interdependent) self‐construal in Study 3, we again observed more reactance when freedom was restricted by the ingroup. The findings underline the importance of understanding psychological reactance as a socially situated phenomenon. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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