Decoding Cognitive Processes from Neural Ensembles.

Decoding Cognitive Processes from Neural Ensembles.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tics.2018.09.002
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发表时间:
2018-12
影响因子:
19.9
通讯作者:
Wallis JD
Wallis JD
中科院分区:
心理学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wallis JD

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研究认知过程的一个内在困难是,它们是存在于对感觉环境的可观察反应之间的不可观察状态。认知状态必须从间接行为测量中推断出来。神经科学潜在地提供了直接测量认知过程所需的工具,但它在两个方面面临挑战。首先,神经科学的测量方法往往缺乏时空分辨率,无法识别构成认知过程的神经计算。其次,单个神经元的活动是神经计算的基本组成部分,它的噪音太大,无法提供认知过程的准确测量。在这篇文章中,我们将审查神经生理记录和分析方法的最新发展,这些方法为这些问题提供了潜在的解决方案。
An intrinsic difficulty in studying cognitive processes is that they are unobservable states that exist in between observable responses to the sensory environment. Cognitive states must be inferred from indirect behavioral measures. Neuroscience potentially provides the tools necessary to measure cognitive processes directly, but it is challenged on two fronts. First, neuroscientific measures often lack the spatiotemporal resolution to identify the neural computations that underlie a cognitive process. Second, the activity of a single neuron, which is the fundamental building block of neural computation, is too noisy to provide accurate measurements of a cognitive process. In this paper, we will examine recent developments in neurophysiological recording and analysis methods that provide a potential solution to these problems.
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