Comparison of subjective, pharmacokinetic, and physiological effects of marijuana smoked as joints and blunts.
Comparison of subjective, pharmacokinetic, and physiological effects of marijuana smoked as joints and blunts.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.01.023
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发表时间：
2009-08-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Haney, Margaret
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cooper, Ziva D.;Haney, Margaret
近年来，年轻人吸食大麻的人数有所增加，同时吸食大麻的人也越来越多，他们把大麻当作钝器而不是关节来吸食。钝头大麻是用烟叶包裹的，而接头大麻是用卷烟纸包裹的。到目前为止，大麻作为关节和钝物吸食的效果还没有系统地比较。目前的受试者内，随机，双盲，安慰剂对照研究试图直接比较这两种方法吸食大麻的主观，生理和药代动力学影响。研究招募了12名女性和12名男性吸烟者，并参与了一项6次门诊研究。参与者被蒙上眼睛，从钝头或含有不同δ-9-四氢大麻酚（THC）浓度（0.0，1.8和3.6%）的大麻的关节中吸三口烟。主观，生理（心率，血压，一氧化碳水平）和药代动力学效应（血浆THC浓度）进行了监测之前和吸烟后3小时在指定的时间点。关节产生更大的增加血浆THC和主观评级的大麻中毒，强度和质量相比，钝，这些影响在女性比男性更明显。然而，钝器产生的心率增加和一氧化碳水平高于关节，尽管产生的血浆THC水平较低。这些发现表明，与关节相比，在烟叶中吸食大麻可能会增加一氧化碳暴露和心率增加，从而增加大麻使用的风险。
Recent increases in marijuana smoking among the young adult population have been accompanied by the popularization of smoking marijuana as blunts instead of as joints. Blunts consist of marijuana wrapped in tobacco leaves, whereas joints consist of marijuana wrapped in cigarette paper. To date, the effects of marijuana smoked as joints and blunts have not been systematically compared. The current within-subject, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study sought to directly compare the subjective, physiologic, and pharmacokinetic effects of marijuana smoked by these two methods. Marijuana blunt smokers (12 women; 12 men) were recruited and participated in a 6-session outpatient study. Participants were blindfolded and smoked three puffs from either a blunt or a joint containing marijuana with varying delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) concentrations (0.0, 1.8, and 3.6%). Subjective, physiological (heart rate, blood pressure, carbon monoxide levels) and pharmacokinetic effects (plasma THC concentration) were monitored before and at specified time points for three hours after smoking. Joints produced greater increases in plasma THC and subjective ratings of marijuana intoxication, strength, and quality compared to blunts, and these effects were more pronounced in women compared to men. However, blunts produced equivalent increases in heart rate and higher carbon monoxide levels than joints, despite producing lower levels of plasma THC. These findings demonstrate that smoking marijuana in a tobacco leaf may increase the risks of marijuana use by enhancing carbon monoxide exposure and increasing heart rate compared to joints.
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影响因子：
10.4
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