Developmental asymmetries in learning to adjust to cooperative and uncooperative environments.

Developmental asymmetries in learning to adjust to cooperative and uncooperative environments.
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学习适应合作与不合作环境的发展不对称性。

DOI:
10.1038/s41598-020-78546-1
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发表时间:
2020-12-10
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
van Duijvenvoorde ACK
van Duijvenvoorde ACK
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Westhoff B;Molleman L;Viding E;van den Bos W;van Duijvenvoorde ACK

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学习成功驾驭社交环境是一个关键的发展目标,可以预测长期福祉。然而,人们如何学习适应不同的社会环境,以及这种行为如何在发展过程中出现,人们知之甚少。在这里,我们使用一系列经济游戏来评估儿童、青少年和年轻人如何学习适应合作水平(即信任和协调)不同的社会环境。我们的结果显示了一种不对称的发展模式:需要不合作行为的调整在整个青春期保持不变,但需要合作行为的调整在整个青春期显着改善。行为和计算分析表明,这种社会学习中与年龄相关的差异是由不平等厌恶程度和对他人信念更新方面与年龄相关的差异决定的。我们的研究结果指出青春期早期是合作行为快速变化的阶段,并强调这是促进良好调整的社会行为干预措施的关键发展窗口。
Learning to successfully navigate social environments is a critical developmental goal, predictive of long-term wellbeing. However, little is known about how people learn to adjust to different social environments, and how this behaviour emerges across development. Here, we use a series of economic games to assess how children, adolescents, and young adults learn to adjust to social environments that differ in their level of cooperation (i.e., trust and coordination). Our results show an asymmetric developmental pattern: adjustment requiring uncooperative behaviour remains constant across adolescence, but adjustment requiring cooperative behaviour improves markedly across adolescence. Behavioural and computational analyses reveal that age-related differences in this social learning are shaped by age-related differences in the degree of inequality aversion and in the updating of beliefs about others. Our findings point to early adolescence as a phase of rapid change in cooperative behaviours, and highlight this as a key developmental window for interventions promoting well-adjusted social behaviour.
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