Ethics as Lived Practice. Anticipatory Capacity and Ethical Decision-Making in Forensic Genetics.
Ethics as Lived Practice. Anticipatory Capacity and Ethical Decision-Making in Forensic Genetics.
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DOI：
10.3390/genes12121868
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发表时间：
2021-11-24
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
McCartney C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wienroth M;Granja R;Lipphardt V;Nsiah Amoako E;McCartney C
更严格的审查以及对创新和提高生产力的要求给科学家带来了压力。法医遗传学正在快速发展，但只能在道德和法律范围内以负责任、有用和可接受的方式取得进展。我们认为，这种界限要求法医科学家接受“道德作为生活实践”。作为起点，我们批判性地讨论法医遗传学中的“薄弱”道德，这导致对程序的短视关注，并将“隐私”视为唯一的道德问题，将技术视为纯粹的工具。为了克服法医遗传学中的“薄弱”伦理，我们建议将伦理理解为科学家生活实践的内在组成部分。因此，我们在新兴法医遗传学技术的三个案例研究的背景下，探讨了法医遗传学研究和技术使用决策的伦理方面。我们讨论数据库的创建、管理和使用，以及参与法医实践的社会和警务环境的必要性。我们认为，开放的沟通是一个重要的道德方面。采用“道德作为生活实践”有助于发展预期能力，使科学家能够理解道德和法律界限并在其范围内采取行动，纳入日常决策的操作和社会影响，并在科学实践中做出可见的道德决策。
Greater scrutiny and demands for innovation and increased productivity place pressures on scientists. Forensic genetics is advancing at a rapid pace but can only do so responsibly, usefully, and acceptably within ethical and legal boundaries. We argue that such boundaries require that forensic scientists embrace ‘ethics as lived practice’. As a starting point, we critically discuss ‘thin’ ethics in forensic genetics, which lead to a myopic focus on procedures, and to seeing ‘privacy’ as the sole ethical concern and technology as a mere tool. To overcome ‘thin’ ethics in forensic genetics, we instead propose understanding ethics as an intrinsic part of the lived practice of a scientist. Therefore, we explore, within the context of three case studies of emerging forensic genetics technologies, ethical aspects of decision-making in forensic genetics research and in technology use. We discuss the creation, curation, and use of databases, and the need to engage with societal and policing contexts of forensic practice. We argue that open communication is a vital ethical aspect. Adoption of ‘ethics as lived practice’ supports the development of anticipatory capacity—empowering scientists to understand, and act within ethical and legal boundaries, incorporating the operational and societal impacts of their daily decisions, and making visible ethical decision making in scientific practice.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Alpaslan-Roodenberg S;Anthony D;Babiker H;Bánffy E;Booth T;Capone P;Deshpande-Mukherjee A;Eisenmann S;Fehren-Schmitz L;Frachetti M;Fujita R;Frieman CJ;Fu Q;Gibbon V;Haak W;Hajdinjak M;Hofmann KP;Holguin B;Inomata T;Kanzawa-Kiriyama H;Keegan W;Kelso J;Krause J;Kumaresan G;Kusimba C;Kusimba S;Lalueza-Fox C;Llamas B;MacEachern S;Mallick S;Matsumura H;Morales-Arce AY;Matuzeviciute GM;Mushrif-Tripathy V;Nakatsuka N;Nores R;Ogola C;Okumura M;Patterson N;Pinhasi R;Prasad SPR;Prendergast ME;Punzo JL;Reich D;Sawafuji R;Sawchuk E;Schiffels S;Sedig J;Shnaider S;Sirak K;Skoglund P;Slon V;Snow M;Soressi M;Spriggs M;Stockhammer PW;Szécsényi-Nagy A;Thangaraj K;Tiesler V;Tobler R;Wang CC;Warinner C;Yasawardene S;Zahir M
通讯作者：
Zahir M
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Edmond, Gary
通讯作者：
Edmond, Gary
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Gill, Peter;Hicks, Tacha;Taylor, Duncan
通讯作者：
Taylor, Duncan
影响因子：
3
作者：
Granja, Rafaela;Machado, Helena
通讯作者：
Machado, Helena
影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Claw KG;Anderson MZ;Begay RL;Tsosie KS;Fox K;Garrison NA;Summer internship for INdigenous peoples in Genomics (SING) Consortium
通讯作者：
Summer internship for INdigenous peoples in Genomics (SING) Consortium