Lineage-specific plasmid acquisition and the evolution of specialized pathogens in Bacillus thuringiensis and the Bacillus cereus group.

Lineage-specific plasmid acquisition and the evolution of specialized pathogens in Bacillus thuringiensis and the Bacillus cereus group.
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DOI:
10.1111/mec.14546
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发表时间:
2018-04
期刊:
影响因子:
4.9
通讯作者:
Sheppard SK
Sheppard SK
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Méric G;Mageiros L;Pascoe B;Woodcock DJ;Mourkas E;Lamble S;Bowden R;Jolley KA;Raymond B;Sheppard SK

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细菌质粒可以从小的自私遗传元件变化到构成总细胞DNA的显著比例的大的自主复制子。通过赋予细胞新的功能,质粒可以促进进化,但它们的移动性可能会受到与染色体的共同进化关系的反对,或者通过编码公共产品的基因的传染性共享而受到鼓励。在这里,我们通过大规模检查表型多样的蜡状芽孢杆菌组中质粒和染色体DNA之间的关联来探索这些假设。这个复杂的群体富含质粒,其中许多编码已知的公共产品的基本毒力因子(Cry毒素)。我们的特点是人口的基因组结构,基因内容和质粒分布调查的作用,移动的因素在多样化。我们分析了190个蜡样B菌群分离株的核心和辅助基因组内的编码序列,包括来自410个参考质粒基因组的23个新序列和基因。虽然cry基因广泛分布,但具有无脊椎动物毒性的那些主要与一个序列簇(进化枝2)和表型定义的苏云金芽孢杆菌相关。Cry毒素质粒在进化枝2显示最近的水平转移和可变的基因内容,质粒分离的模式与传染合作过程中的转移一致的证据。然而,分支之间的比较表明,共同进化的相互作用可能会驱动质粒和染色体之间的关联,并限制关键毒力性状的更广泛转移。成功的质粒和染色体组合的增殖是具有特征性小生境的专门病原体(炭疽芽孢杆菌、苏云金芽孢杆菌)的特征,并且在蜡状B杆菌组中多次发生。
Bacterial plasmids can vary from small selfish genetic elements to large autonomous replicons that constitute a significant proportion of total cellular DNA. By conferring novel function to the cell, plasmids may facilitate evolution but their mobility may be opposed by co‐evolutionary relationships with chromosomes or encouraged via the infectious sharing of genes encoding public goods. Here, we explore these hypotheses through large‐scale examination of the association between plasmids and chromosomal DNA in the phenotypically diverse Bacillus cereus group. This complex group is rich in plasmids, many of which encode essential virulence factors (Cry toxins) that are known public goods. We characterized population genomic structure, gene content and plasmid distribution to investigate the role of mobile elements in diversification. We analysed coding sequence within the core and accessory genome of 190 B. cereus group isolates, including 23 novel sequences and genes from 410 reference plasmid genomes. While cry genes were widely distributed, those with invertebrate toxicity were predominantly associated with one sequence cluster (clade 2) and phenotypically defined Bacillus thuringiensis. Cry toxin plasmids in clade 2 showed evidence of recent horizontal transfer and variable gene content, a pattern of plasmid segregation consistent with transfer during infectious cooperation. Nevertheless, comparison between clades suggests that co‐evolutionary interactions may drive association between plasmids and chromosomes and limit wider transfer of key virulence traits. Proliferation of successful plasmid and chromosome combinations is a feature of specialized pathogens with characteristic niches (Bacillus anthracis, B. thuringiensis) and has occurred multiple times in the B. cereus group.
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