Annotation and expression of carboxylesterases in the silkworm, Bombyx mori
Annotation and expression of carboxylesterases in the silkworm, Bombyx mori
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家蚕羧酸酯酶的注释和表达
DOI：
10.1186/1471-2164-10-553
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发表时间：
2009-11
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
背景
羧酸酯酶是一个多功能超家族，普遍存在于所有生物体中，包括动物、植物、昆虫和微生物。它在外源物质解毒、信息素降解、神经发生和调节发育中发挥重要作用。以往的研究主要以双翅目果蝇和蚊子为模式生物，研究昆虫COE在杀虫剂抗性中的作用。然而，植食性昆虫 COE 的全基因组表征和比较分析仍有待进行。
结果
根据新组装的基因组序列，在家蚕中鉴定出了 76 个假定的 COE。相对于其他双翅目和膜翅目昆虫，α-酯酶在家蚕中显着扩增。基因组学分析表明，BmCOEs表现出染色体优选分布，其中55%呈串联排列。根据 cDNA/EST 和微阵列数据转录了 61 个 BmCOE。一般来说，大多数COE表现出组织特异性表达，并且男性和女性之间的表达水平没有表现出明显的差异。可以分为三种主要模式，即中肠、头部和珠被以及丝腺特异性表达。中肠是外源物口服毒性的第一道屏障，其中COE可能参与消除桑叶的次生代谢物和饮食中杀虫剂的污染物。对于头部和珠被类，大多数成员与气味降解酶（ODE）和触角酯酶同源。 RT-PCR证实ODE样酯酶在幼虫触角和上颌骨中也高表达，因此它们可能在植物挥发物或其他外源物质的降解中发挥重要作用。
结论
迄今为止，家蚕拥有最多数量的昆虫 COE 基因。比较基因组分析表明，基因扩增主要发生在蚕α-酯酶中。表达证据表明，扩展的基因在中肠、珠被和头部中特异表达，这意味着这些基因可能在桑叶次生代谢物、饮食污染物和气味的解毒中发挥重要作用。我们的研究结果为植食性昆虫 COE 的功能和进化特征提供了一些新的见解。
Background
Carboxylesterase is a multifunctional superfamily and ubiquitous in all living organisms, including animals, plants, insects, and microbes. It plays important roles in xenobiotic detoxification, and pheromone degradation, neurogenesis and regulating development. Previous studies mainly used Dipteran Drosophila and mosquitoes as model organisms to investigate the roles of the insect COEs in insecticide resistance. However, genome-wide characterization of COEs in phytophagous insects and comparative analysis remain to be performed.
Results
Based on the newly assembled genome sequence, 76 putative COEs were identified in Bombyx mori. Relative to other Dipteran and Hymenopteran insects, alpha-esterases were significantly expanded in the silkworm. Genomics analysis suggested that BmCOEs showed chromosome preferable distribution and 55% of which were tandem arranged. Sixty-one BmCOEs were transcribed based on cDNA/ESTs and microarray data. Generally, most of the COEs showed tissue specific expressions and expression level between male and female did not display obvious differences. Three main patterns could be classified, i.e. midgut-, head and integument-, and silk gland-specific expressions. Midgut is the first barrier of xenobiotics peroral toxicity, in which COEs may be involved in eliminating secondary metabolites of mulberry leaves and contaminants of insecticides in diet. For head and integument-class, most of the members were homologous to odorant-degrading enzyme (ODE) and antennal esterase. RT-PCR verified that the ODE-like esterases were also highly expressed in larvae antenna and maxilla, and thus they may play important roles in degradation of plant volatiles or other xenobiotics.
Conclusion
B. mori has the largest number of insect COE genes characterized to date. Comparative genomic analysis suggested that the gene expansion mainly occurred in silkworm alpha-esterases. Expression evidence indicated that the expanded genes were specifically expressed in midgut, integument and head, implying that these genes may have important roles in detoxifying secondary metabolites of mulberry leaves, contaminants in diet, and odorants. Our results provide some new insights into functions and evolutionary characteristics of COEs in phytophagous insects.
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影响因子：
2.2
作者：
M. Eguchi;T. Sugimoto
通讯作者：
M. Eguchi;T. Sugimoto
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Ishida, Y;Leal, WS
通讯作者：
Leal, WS
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0505340102
发表时间：
2005-09-27
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Ishida, Y;Leal, WS
通讯作者：
Leal, WS
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Oakeshott, JG;Devonshire, AL;Russell, RJ
通讯作者：
Russell, RJ
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
HIRAKURA, K;FUJIMOTO, Y;NOMURA, T
通讯作者：
NOMURA, T