Evaluating the psycholegal abilities of young offenders with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.
Evaluating the psycholegal abilities of young offenders with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.
复制标题
评估患有胎儿酒精谱系障碍的年轻罪犯的心理法律能力。
作者：
Kaitlyn McLachlan;R. Roesch;Jodi L. Viljoen;K. Douglas
诊断为胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）的个体会经历一系列身体，认知和行为缺陷，这些缺陷被认为会干扰他们胜任地导航逮捕，审讯和审判过程的能力。本研究探讨了FASD青少年罪犯的心理法律能力，包括他们的理解和欣赏的米兰达权利，和裁决能力（刑事诉讼的事实知识，欣赏的性质和对象的诉讼，能够参与辩护和与律师沟通）。两组青少年罪犯（50与FASD和50没有产前酒精暴露）完成了Grisso的工具，评估理解和欣赏的米兰达权利和健身面试测试修订，以评估整体率的损害与FASD青年，以及组之间的差异。潜在的重要预测心理法律能力也进行了评估。结果表明，大多数（90%）的FASD青少年罪犯表现出至少一种心理法律能力的损害，损害率显着高于对照组。然而，观察到相当大的组内变异性。智商和阅读理解能力成为参与者心理法律能力的强有力的预测因素，而FASD诊断区分了参与者在FIT-R上的得分。这些研究结果强调了在必要时对这一人群的心理法律能力进行个性化和全面的法医评估的重要性。额外的系统级应变这一人群进行了讨论，包括在接近能力补救的问题，并在面对有限的财政和专业资源在法律的设置的住宿和法医评估的潜在增长的需要。
Individuals with a diagnosis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) experience a range of physical, cognitive, and behavioral deficits thought to interfere with their ability to competently navigate the arrest, interrogation, and trial process. This study examined the psycholegal abilities of young offenders with FASD, including their understanding and appreciation of Miranda rights, and adjudication capacities (factual knowledge of criminal procedure, appreciation of the nature and object of the proceedings, ability to participate in a defense and communicate with counsel). Two groups of young offenders (50 with FASD and 50 without prenatal alcohol exposure) completed Grisso's Instruments for Assessing Understanding and Appreciation of Miranda rights and the Fitness Interview Test-Revised to assess overall rates of impairment in youth with FASD, as well as differences between the groups. Potentially important predictors of psycholegal abilities were also evaluated. Results indicated the majority of young offenders with FASD (90%) showed impairment in at least one psycholegal ability, and rates of impairment were significantly higher than the comparison group. However, considerable within-group variability was observed. IQ and reading comprehension emerged as robust predictors of participants' psycholegal abilities, while the FASD diagnosis differentiated participants' scores on the FIT-R. These findings underscore the importance of individualized and comprehensive forensic assessments of psycholegal abilities in this population when warranted. Additional system level strains for this population are discussed, including problems in approaching competency remediation, and the potentially growing need for accommodation and forensic assessments in the face of limited financial and professional resources in legal settings.
DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.1998.tb03651.x
发表时间：
1998-04-01
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Mattson, SN;Riley, EP
通讯作者：
Riley, EP
DOI：
10.1002/(sici)1096-9926(199711)56:5
发表时间：
1997-11-01
期刊：
TERATOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
Sampson, PD;Streissguth, AP;Graham, JM
通讯作者：
Graham, JM