How to make an inclusive-fitness model.
How to make an inclusive-fitness model.
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2023.1310
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发表时间：
2023-10-11
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Wild, Geoff
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Scott, Thomas W.;Wild, Geoff
社会行为通常使用邻居调节的适应性来建模，其关注的是个体的适应性被邻居改变。然而，这些模型要么使用包容性适应度来解释，即关注个体改变邻居的适应度，要么根本不解释。这种脱节导致解释错误，并掩盖了行为的适应意义。我们提出了一个系统的方法来构建包容性的健身模型，以弥补这一差距。我们发现一个行为的'包容性健身效果'的总和主要和次要的偏差在生殖价值。初级偏差是社会互动的直接结果;例如，利他行为的成本和收益。次级偏差是由于种群的总繁殖价值是固定的而产生的补偿效应;例如，利他行为之后的竞争增加。与邻域调节适应度方法相比，我们的方法通常更简单，并清楚地揭示了模型的包容性适应度叙述。我们实施我们的方法首先在一个同质的人口，与补充的例子，帮助下协同作用，帮助粘性人口和克里尔悖论。然后，我们实施我们的方法在一个类结构的人口，我们的方法的优势是最明显的，与年龄段之间的利他主义的补充例子，和性别比例的演变。
Social behaviours are typically modelled using neighbour-modulated fitness, which focuses on individuals having their fitness altered by neighbours. However, these models are either interpreted using inclusive fitness, which focuses on individuals altering the fitness of neighbours, or not interpreted at all. This disconnect leads to interpretational mistakes and obscures the adaptive significance of behaviour. We bridge this gap by presenting a systematic methodology for constructing inclusive-fitness models. We find a behaviour’s ‘inclusive-fitness effect’ by summing primary and secondary deviations in reproductive value. Primary deviations are the immediate result of a social interaction; for example, the cost and benefit of an altruistic act. Secondary deviations are compensatory effects that arise because the total reproductive value of the population is fixed; for example, the increased competition that follows an altruistic act. Compared to neighbour-modulated fitness methodologies, our approach is often simpler and reveals the model’s inclusive-fitness narrative clearly. We implement our methodology first in a homogeneous population, with supplementary examples of help under synergy, help in a viscous population and Creel’s paradox. We then implement our methodology in a class-structured population, where the advantages of our approach are most evident, with supplementary examples of altruism between age classes, and sex-ratio evolution.
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2019.0356
发表时间：
2020-04-27
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Grafen, Alan
通讯作者：
Grafen, Alan
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
CAVALLISFORZA, LL;FELDMAN, MW
通讯作者：
FELDMAN, MW
影响因子：
2
作者：
Grafen, Alan
通讯作者：
Grafen, Alan
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Agren, J. Arvid;Patten, Manus M.
通讯作者：
Patten, Manus M.
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Crewe P;Gratwick R;Grafen A
通讯作者：
Grafen A