A comparative study of microstructural stability and sulphur diffusion in CdS/CdTe photovoltaic devices

A comparative study of microstructural stability and sulphur diffusion in CdS/CdTe photovoltaic devices
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CdS/CdTe光伏器件微观结构稳定性和硫扩散的比较研究

DOI:
10.1016/j.solmat.2015.06.010
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发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
6.9
通讯作者:
Taylor A
Taylor A
中科院分区:
材料科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Taylor A

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CdCl 2活化在高质量CdTe基光伏器件生产中的作用仍然是一个备受争议的话题。在这项研究中,CdTe为基础的细胞在三个独立的实验室使用不同的设备制造技术进行了研究之前和之后的CdCl 2激活方面的结构变化(重结晶和晶粒生长)和硫的扩散。使用扫描透射电子显微镜(STEM)和X-射线衍射,它表明,氯化镉激活的调查细胞产生的CdTe没有统计结构的变化。此外,在STEM中对相同样品进行的能量色散光谱法(EDS)表明,活化后硫扩散的变化比以前的研究预期的更有限;当CdTe沉积的热预算显著大于活化时,检测不到变化。这表明CdCl 2处理过程中的效率提高不是由于硫的外扩散。最后,阴极发光显微镜是用来证明在两个维度上如何硫扩散到一个模型样品和结果被发现是一致的与STEM-EDS。还观察到一些光谱证据增强硫扩散沿着晶界。
The role of CdCl2activation in the production of high quality CdTe-based photovoltaic devices remains a subject of much debate. In this study, CdTe-based cells produced in three independent laboratories using different device fabrication technologies are investigated before and after CdCl2activation with regard to structural changes (recrystallisation and grain growth) and sulphur out-diffusion. Using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and x-ray diffraction it is demonstrated that CdCl2activation of the investigated cells produces no statistical structural changes to the CdTe. Additionally, energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) performed in the STEM on the same samples illustrates that the change in sulphur diffusion following activation is more limited than expected from previous studies; no change is detectable when the thermal budget for CdTe deposition is significantly greater than that for activation. This suggests that the efficiency enhancement during CdCl2treatment is not due to sulphur out-diffusion. Lastly, cathodoluminescence microscopy is used to demonstrate in two dimensions how sulphur diffuses into a model sample and the results are found to be consistent with STEM–EDS. Some spectroscopic evidence for enhanced sulphur diffusion along grain boundaries is also observed.
DOI: --
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