Neurotrapping: cellular screens to identify the neural substrates of behavior in Drosophila.
Neurotrapping: cellular screens to identify the neural substrates of behavior in Drosophila.
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DOI：
10.3389/neuro.02.020.2009
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Peabody NC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
White BH;Peabody NC
操纵神经元活动的新工具的可用，再加上将这些工具定位于活的、行为正常的动物的细胞亚群的日益复杂的技术的发展，使神经科学家能够通过一种类似于经典突变的方法来梳理大脑电路。就像突变可以被用来在生物体的DNA中引入变化来识别给定生物过程所需的基因一样，活动的变化也可以被引入神经系统来识别给定行为所需的细胞。如果变化是随机引入的，则可以在不事先知道细胞属性的情况下识别细胞。这一策略，我们在这里称为“神经陷阱”，已经在果蝇中实施得最有效，在果蝇中，能够抑制或刺激神经元活动的转基因可以使用所谓的“增强子陷阱”技术重复地靶向于神经元的任意亚群。通过筛选大量的增强子陷阱线，实验人员已经能够识别出当被抑制(或在某些情况下被激活)时改变特定行为的神经元组。分析这些神经元组以确定产生行为所需的最小子集被证明是困难的，但允许精确的转基因靶向的新兴工具正在提高筛查技术的分辨率。一些最新的神经捕捉筛选已经在单个神经元水平上确定了行为的生理底物。
The availability of new tools for manipulating neuronal activity, coupled with the development of increasingly sophisticated techniques for targeting these tools to subsets of cells in living, behaving animals, is permitting neuroscientists to tease apart brain circuits by a method akin to classical mutagenesis. Just as mutagenesis can be used to introduce changes into an organism's DNA to identify the genes required for a given biological process, changes in activity can be introduced into the nervous system to identify the cells required for a given behavior. If the changes are introduced randomly, the cells can be identified without any prior knowledge of their properties. This strategy, which we refer to here as “neurotrapping,” has been implemented most effectively in Drosophila, where transgenes capable of either suppressing or stimulating neuronal activity can be reproducibly targeted to arbitrary subsets of neurons using so-called “enhancer-trap” techniques. By screening large numbers of enhancer-trap lines, experimenters have been able to identify groups of neurons which, when suppressed (or, in some cases, activated), alter a specific behavior. Parsing these groups of neurons to identify the minimal subset required for generating a behavior has proved difficult, but emerging tools that permit refined transgene targeting are increasing the resolution of the screening techniques. Some of the most recent neurotrapping screens have identified physiological substrates of behavior at the single neuron level.
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影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Kasuya J;Ishimoto H;Kitamoto T
通讯作者：
Kitamoto T
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
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De Lecea, Luis