Microfluidic tumor-on-a-chip model to evaluate the role of tumor environmental stress on NK cell exhaustion.

Microfluidic tumor-on-a-chip model to evaluate the role of tumor environmental stress on NK cell exhaustion.
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微流控肿瘤芯片模型评估肿瘤环境应激对NK细胞耗竭的作用。

DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.abc2331
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发表时间:
2021-03
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Beebe DJ
Beebe DJ
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ayuso JM;Rehman S;Virumbrales-Munoz M;McMinn PH;Geiger P;Fitzgerald C;Heaster T;Skala MC;Beebe DJ

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微流控平台揭示了肿瘤环境应激对自然杀伤细胞生物学的影响。实体瘤产生抑制性环境,对免疫系统施加压倒性负担。营养素消耗、废物积累、缺氧和pH酸化严重损害了效应免疫细胞如T和自然杀伤(NK)细胞破坏癌细胞的能力。然而,驱动免疫抑制的特定分子机制以及免疫细胞适应抑制环境的能力尚未完全了解。因此,在这里,我们使用体外微流体肿瘤芯片平台来评估NK细胞如何响应肿瘤诱导的抑制环境。结果表明,由肿瘤产生的抑制性环境逐渐侵蚀NK细胞的细胞毒性能力,导致NK细胞监视和肿瘤耐受受损。此外,在从微流体平台移除NK细胞之后,NK细胞耗竭持续延长的时间段。最后,检查点抑制剂和免疫调节剂的加入减轻了NK细胞耗竭。
Microfluidic platform reveals the effects of tumor environmental stress on natural killer cell biology. Solid tumors generate a suppressive environment that imposes an overwhelming burden on the immune system. Nutrient depletion, waste product accumulation, hypoxia, and pH acidification severely compromise the capacity of effector immune cells such as T and natural killer (NK) cells to destroy cancer cells. However, the specific molecular mechanisms driving immune suppression, as well as the capacity of immune cells to adapt to the suppressive environment, are not completely understood. Thus, here, we used an in vitro microfluidic tumor-on-a-chip platform to evaluate how NK cells respond to the tumor-induced suppressive environment. The results demonstrated that the suppressive environment created by the tumor gradually eroded NK cell cytotoxic capacity, leading to compromised NK cell surveillance and tumor tolerance. Further, NK cell exhaustion persisted for an extended period of time after removing NK cells from the microfluidic platform. Last, the addition of checkpoint inhibitors and immunomodulatory agents alleviated NK cell exhaustion.
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