The Changing Landscape of Disability in Childhood
The Changing Landscape of Disability in Childhood
复制标题
儿童时期残疾状况的变化
DOI：
--
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Newacheck
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Halfon;A. Houtrow;Kandyce Larson;P. Newacheck
在过去的一个世纪里，美国人对儿童残疾的看法发生了巨大变化，他们对健康和疾病、医学发展、对儿童健康和发展的威胁以及对儿童功能的期望也发生了巨大变化。Neal Halfon，Amy Houtrow，Kandyce Larson和Paul Newacheck研究了这些变化如何影响健康不良和残疾的风险，以及最近解决残疾儿童需求的政策是如何演变的。作者研究了美国儿童残疾的流行率和导致残疾的条件，以及与残疾相关的慢性病流行率的趋势。他们发现，儿童残疾正在增加，情感、行为和神经残疾现在比身体残疾更普遍。它们强调在改善残疾患病率方面的社会经济差距方面的重要性和缺乏进展，以及需要采取更好的措施，更好地协调不同儿童服务机构和各级政府的数据和数据来源。他们呼吁政策制定者加强现有的数据系统，以促进对儿童残疾原因的了解，并指导制定更具战略性、响应性和有效性的政策、方案和干预措施。作者提出了一个新的前瞻性儿童残疾定义，反映了儿童健康和残疾的新兴和发展响应性概念。它们强调了健康、功能和环境之间的关系；儿童的能力和正常水平之间的功能差距；以及这种差距如何限制了儿童与他或她的世界成功互动的能力。他们的定义还认识到残疾的动态性质，以及残疾的经历如何被儿童的环境改变。
Americans' perceptions of childhood disability have changed dramatically over the past century, as have their ideas about health and illness, medical developments, threats to children's health and development, and expectations for child functioning. Neal Halfon, Amy Houtrow, Kandyce Larson, and Paul Newacheck examine how these changes have influenced the risk of poor health and disability and how recent policies to address the needs of children with disabilities have evolved.The authors examine the prevalence in the United States of childhood disability and of the conditions responsible for impairment, as well as trends in the prevalence of chronic conditions associated with disability. They find that childhood disability is increasing and that emotional, behavioral, and neurological disabilities are now more prevalent than physical impairments. They stress the importance of, and lack of progress in, improving socioeconomic disparities in disability prevalence, as well as the need for better measures and greater harmonization of data and data sources across different child-serving agencies and levels of government. They call on policy makers to strengthen existing data systems to advance understanding of the causes of childhood disabilities and guide the formulation of more strategic, responsive, and effective policies, programs, and interventions.The authors offer a new and forward-looking definition of childhood disability that reflects emerging and developmentally responsive notions of childhood health and disability. They highlight the relationship between health, functioning, and the environment; the gap in function between a child's abilities and the norm; and how that gap limits the child's ability to engage successfully with his or her world. Their definition also recognizes the dynamic nature of disability and how the experience of disability can be modified by the child's environment.
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
1998-08
期刊：
The Journal of clinical psychiatry
影响因子：
--
作者：
T. Spencer;J. Biederman;T. Wilens;S. Faraone
通讯作者：
T. Spencer;J. Biederman;T. Wilens;S. Faraone
在美国，童年活动限制对父母健康、心理健康和工作日损失的影响。
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Witt,WhitneyP;Gottlieb,CarissaA;Hampton,John;Litzelman,Kristin
通讯作者：
Litzelman,Kristin
影响因子：
17.7
作者：
Kessler, RC;Adler, L;Zaslavsky, AM
通讯作者：
Zaslavsky, AM
影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Van Cleave, Jeanne;Gortmaker, Steven L.;Perrin, James M.
通讯作者：
Perrin, James M.