The biosynthesis and biological function of diphthamide.

The biosynthesis and biological function of diphthamide.
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DOI:
10.3109/10409238.2013.831023
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发表时间:
2013-11
影响因子:
6.5
通讯作者:
Lin H
Lin H
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Su X;Lin Z;Lin H

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真核和古细菌延伸因子2含有一个独特的后修饰的组氨酸残基,命名为diphthamide。遗传和生物化学研究表明,双苯二甲酰胺的生物合成涉及一个多步骤的途径,在低等和高等真核生物中进化保守。在某些细菌感染期间,白喉酰胺被细菌毒素特异性识别,包括白喉毒素、假单胞菌外毒素A和胆毒素。虽然病理学相关性研究得很好,但对双苯二甲酰胺的生理功能仍知之甚少。近年来,在生物合成的认识上有了许多新的有趣的进展。本文就联苯二酰胺的生物合成及其生物学功能的研究进展作一综述。
Eukaryotic and archaeal elongation factor 2 contains a unique post-translationally modified histidine residue, named diphthamide. Genetic and biochemical studies have revealed that diphthamide biosynthesis involves a multi-step pathway that is evolutionally conserved among lower and higher eukaryotes. During certain bacterial infections, diphthamide is specifically recognized by bacterial toxins, including diphtheria toxin, Pseudomonas exotoxin A, and cholix toxin. Although the pathological relevance is well studied, the physiological function of diphthamide is still poorly understood. Recently, many new interesting developments in understanding the biosynthesis have been reported. Here, we review the current understanding of the biosynthesis and biological function of diphthamide.
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