Passive Exposure Sparsifies Neural Activity in the Primary Visual Cortex

Passive Exposure Sparsifies Neural Activity in the Primary Visual Cortex
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被动暴露会使初级视觉皮层的神经活动稀疏

DOI:
10.1101/2021.11.18.469160
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
bioRxiv
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Jan Homann, Hyewon Kim
Jan Homann, Hyewon Kim
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jan Homann, Hyewon Kim

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神经活动的一个显著特征是稀疏性——也就是说,在任何时刻,局部回路中只有一小部分神经元具有高活动。不仅在实验中观察到大脑大多数区域的稀疏神经活动,而且稀疏性已被提出作为神经回路的优化或设计原则。稀疏性可以提高神经编码的能量效率,并允许进行有益的计算。但是大脑是如何实现稀疏的呢?在这里,我们发现当初级视觉皮层的神经元在几天内被动地暴露于一组图像时,神经反应变得更加稀疏。稀疏化是由低或中等活动神经元的反应减少驱动的,而高度活跃的神经元保持类似的反应。我们还观察到神经活动的净去相关。这些变化塑造了神经活动,以提高编码效率。
A notable feature of neural activity is sparseness – namely, that only a small fraction of neurons in a local circuit have high activity at any moment. Not only is sparse neural activity observed experimentally in most areas of the brain, but sparseness has been proposed as an optimization or design principle for neural circuits. Sparseness can increase the energy efficiency of the neural code as well as allow for beneficial computations to be carried out. But how does the brain achieve sparse-ness? Here, we found that when neurons in the primary visual cortex were passively exposed to a set of images over several days, neural responses became more sparse. Sparsification was driven by a decrease in the response of neurons with low or moderate activity, while highly active neurons retained similar responses. We also observed a net decorrelation of neural activity. These changes sculpt neural activity for greater coding efficiency.
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