Rural depopulation and the rural-urban gap in cognitive functioning among older adults.
Rural depopulation and the rural-urban gap in cognitive functioning among older adults.
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DOI：
10.1111/jrh.12650
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发表时间：
2022-09
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Glauber, Rebecca
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Glauber, Rebecca
随着人口老龄化，认知障碍的人数将迅速增加。虽然以前的研究已经探讨了身体健康的城乡差距，但很少有研究分析认知健康。本研究的目的是检验认知健康的城乡差异，重点是人口下降的调节作用。该研究使用了2000-2016年健康与退休研究浪潮（N = 152，444）中的个人水平全国代表性数据，并将其与县级背景特征相结合。分层线性模型被用来预测50岁及以上的美国成年人的认知功能的城乡居住，县人口减少，以及它们的相互作用，同时控制个人层面和县级人口和背景因素。生活在农村县的老年人的认知功能低于城市成年人。生活在农村和人口减少的县之间的相互作用是统计学上显着的（P <0.001）。对于那些生活在1980年至2010年人口减少的县的人来说，与生活在稳定或增长的农村县的人相比，农村对认知功能的惩罚要大40%。这些结果独立于种族，性别，年龄，教育，收入，地区，就业状况，婚姻状况，身体健康和抑郁症以及该县的种族，民族组成，年龄结构，经济和教育劣势，以及医疗保健短缺。这些结果对于那些寻求减少农村和城市老年人之间以及不同农村人群之间的健康差距的人具有重要意义。特别有必要针对那些生活在农村人口减少地区的人采取干预措施。
As the population ages, the number of people with cognitive impairment will rapidly increase. Although previous research has explored the rural-urban gap in physical health, few studies have analyzed cognitive health. The purpose of this study was to examine rural-urban differences in cognitive health, with a focus on the moderating effect of population decline. The study used individual-level nationally representative data from the 2000–2016 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (N = 152,444) merged to county-level contextual characteristics. Hierarchical linear models were used to predict the cognitive functioning of US adults aged 50 and over by rural-urban residence, county depopulation, and their interactions while controlling for individual-level and county-level demographic and contextual factors. Older adults living in rural counties had lower cognitive functioning than urban adults. The interaction between living in a rural and depopulated county was statistically significant (P < .001). The rural penalty in cognitive functioning was 40% larger for those who lived in counties that lost population between 1980 and 2010 compared to those who lived in stable or growing rural counties. These results were independent of race-ethnicity, gender, age, education, income, region, employment status, marital status, physical health, and depression as well as the county’s racial-ethnic composition, age structure, economic and educational disadvantage, and health care shortages. The results have important implications for those seeking to reduce health disparities both between rural and urban older adults and among different groups of rural people. Interventions targeting those living in rural depopulating areas are particularly warranted.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1748-0361.2012.00411.x
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association
影响因子：
--
作者：
Befort CA;Nazir N;Perri MG
通讯作者：
Perri MG
DOI：
10.1111/jrh.12535
发表时间：
2022-01
期刊：
The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association
影响因子：
--
作者：
Abshire DA;Graves JM;Amiri S;Williams-Gilbert W
通讯作者：
Williams-Gilbert W
影响因子：
168.9
作者：
Fratiglioni, L;Wang, HX;Winblad, B
通讯作者：
Winblad, B
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Greiner, KA;Li, CY;Ahluwalia, JS
通讯作者：
Ahluwalia, JS
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Cohen, Steven A.;Cook, Sarah K.;Sando, Trisha A.
通讯作者：
Sando, Trisha A.