Pulsed contractions of an actin-myosin network drive apical constriction.
Pulsed contractions of an actin-myosin network drive apical constriction.
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DOI：
10.1038/nature07522
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发表时间：
2009-01-22
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Wieschaus, Eric F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martin, Adam C.;Kaschube, Matthias;Wieschaus, Eric F.
在形态发生过程中，顶端收缩促进上皮片弯曲和内陷。心尖收缩通常被认为是由粘附连接下的周向肌动蛋白和非肌肉肌球蛋白-II（肌球蛋白）带的连续荷包样收缩驱动的。然而，目前还不清楚是否有其他力量产生机制可以推动这一进程。在这里，我们使用实时成像和定量图像分析的果蝇原肠胚显示，腹沟细胞的顶端收缩脉冲。相邻细胞之间不同步的重复收缩被暂停打断，暂停中细胞顶点的收缩状态得以维持。与荷包-细绳模型相反，收缩脉冲由肌动蛋白-肌球蛋白网络收缩提供动力，肌动蛋白-肌球蛋白网络收缩发生在内侧顶端皮质并向内拉动离散的粘附连接部位。转录因子Twist和Snail差异调节脉冲收缩。snail的表达启动肌动蛋白-肌球蛋白网络收缩，而twist的表达稳定细胞顶端的收缩状态。我们的研究结果提出了一个新的模型，其中皮层肌动蛋白-肌球蛋白细胞骨架功能作为一个发育控制的亚细胞棘轮，以逐步减少顶端区域的顶端收缩。
Apical constriction facilitates epithelial sheet bending and invagination during morphogenesis. Apical constriction is conventionally thought to be driven by the continuous purse-string-like contraction of a circumferential actin and Non-Muscle Myosin-II (myosin) belt underlying adherens junctions. However, it is unclear whether other force-generating mechanisms can drive this process. Here, we use real-time imaging and quantitative image analysis of Drosophila gastrulation to show that apical constriction of ventral furrow cells is pulsed. Repeated constrictions, which are asynchronous between neighboring cells, are interrupted by pauses in which the constricted state of the cell apex is maintained. In contrast to the purse-string model, constriction pulses are powered by actin-myosin network contractions that occur at the medial apical cortex and pull discrete adherens junction sites inward. The transcription factors Twist and Snail differentially regulate pulsed constriction. Expression of snail initiates actin-myosin network contractions while expression of twist stabilizes the constricted state of the cell apex. Our results suggest a new model for apical constriction in which a cortical actin-myosin cytoskeleton functions as a developmentally controlled sub-cellular ratchet to incrementally reduce apical area.
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