U.S. hookah tobacco smoking establishments advertised on the internet.

U.S. hookah tobacco smoking establishments advertised on the internet.
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美国水烟吸烟场所在互联网上做广告。

DOI:
10.1016/j.amepre.2011.10.013
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
5.5
通讯作者:
Barnett,TraceyE
Barnett,TraceyE
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Primack,BrianA;Rice,KristenR;Shensa,Ariel;Carroll,MaryV;DePenna,EricaJ;Nakkash,Rima;Barnett,TraceyE

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背景致力于水烟吸烟的机构最近激增,并帮助将水烟的使用引入美国社区。PURPOSE对推广这些机构的网站进行全面、定性的评估。方法2009年6月,启动了一个系统的搜索过程,以访问代表主要水烟吸烟机构的网站。2009-2010年,代码簿的开发遵循了三名研究人员参与的迭代模式,最终形成了一个由八个类别的36个代码组成的最终代码簿。在两个独立的编码者在对前20%的站点中的数据进行双重编码方面几乎完全一致(科恩的κ=0.93后),编码者将剩余的站点划分并独立编码。使用主题方法来综合研究结果和选择典型引文。结果搜索得到来自美国所有地区州的144个网站样本。在网站上推广的水烟场所中,79%提供食物,41%提供酒精。在这些网站中,没有一个需要年龄验证,1%的网站在首页包含了与烟草有关的警告,4%的网站在任何页面都包含了警告。虽然提到烟草这个词相对不常见(只有26%的网站出现在首页,58%的网站出现在任何页面),但对水烟的调味、愉悦、放松、产品质量以及文化和社会方面的宣传是很常见的。结论网站可能在加强或传播与水烟吸烟有关的错误信息方面发挥作用。健康教育和政策措施在消除这种错误信息方面可能很有价值。
BACKGROUNDEstablishments dedicated to hookah tobacco smoking recently have proliferated and helped introduce hookah use to U.S. communities.PURPOSETo conduct a comprehensive, qualitative assessment of websites promoting these establishments.METHODSIn June 2009, a systematic search process was initiated to access the universe of websites representing major hookah tobacco smoking establishments. In 2009–2010, codebook development followed an iterative paradigm involving three researchers and resulted in a final codebook consisting of 36 codes within eight categories. After two independent coders had nearly perfect agreement (Cohen's κ = 0.93) on double-coding the data in the first 20% of sites, the coders divided the remaining sites and coded them independently. A thematic approach to the synthesis of findings and selection of exemplary quotations was used.RESULTSThe search yielded a sample of 144 websites originating from states in all U.S. regions. Among the hookah establishments promoted on the websites, 79% served food and 41% served alcohol. Of the websites, none required age verification, <1% included a tobacco-related warning on the first page, and 4% included a warning on any page. Although mention of the word tobacco was relatively uncommon (appearing on the first page of only 26% sites and on any page of 58% of sites), the promotion of flavorings, pleasure, relaxation, product quality, and cultural and social aspects of hookah smoking was common.CONCLUSIONSWebsites may play a role in enhancing or propagating misinformation related to hookah tobacco smoking. Health education and policy measures may be valuable in countering this misinformation.
Nargileh(水烟)吸烟与冠心病事件:病例对照研究
DOI: --
发表时间: 2003
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
S. Jabbour;Z. El;A. Sibai
通讯作者: A. Sibai
DOI: 10.1542/peds.2004-2173
发表时间: 2005-07-01
期刊: PEDIATRICS
影响因子: 8
作者:
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通讯作者: Amitai, Y
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-315
发表时间: 2011-05-14
期刊: BMC public health
影响因子: 4.5
作者:
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通讯作者: Afifi RA
美国学生使用水烟呼出的一氧化碳。
DOI: --
发表时间: 2008
期刊: Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA)
影响因子: --
作者:
Wael Noor El;S. Katharine Hammond
通讯作者: S. Katharine Hammond
DOI: 10.1016/s0006-2952(00)00423-8
发表时间: 2000-10-15
影响因子: 5.8
作者:
Berra, E;Milanini, J;Pouysségur, J
通讯作者: Pouysségur, J