Childhood Origins of Adult Lung Disease as Opportunities for Prevention.
Childhood Origins of Adult Lung Disease as Opportunities for Prevention.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jaip.2020.01.015
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发表时间：
2020-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
McCormack MC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grant T;Brigham EP;McCormack MC
产前和儿童期暴露已被证明会影响肺部发育、肺功能轨迹以及呼吸道疾病的发病率和患病率。生命早期可能是易受此类暴露影响的窗口，有可能影响终生呼吸系统健康。在生命早期遇到的对肺部健康具有潜在持久影响的风险因素包括早产、呼吸道病毒疾病、过敏原致敏和暴露、烟草使用和暴露、室内和室外污染、饮食和肥胖。这些暴露在可改变的程度上各不相同，旨在减少有害暴露的干预措施包括从个人行为改变到为促进人口健康而实施的政策举措。对于许多接触，包括与烟草有关的接触，需要多层次的干预。未来的研究需要提供关于早期干预的见解，以促进最佳的肺生长和预防慢性呼吸道疾病的发展。临床医生应发挥积极作用，协助个别患者避免已知的有害暴露，包括母亲在怀孕期间吸烟和主动吸烟的开始。临床医生可以通过证据来支持促进减少人口水平风险因素的政策，例如限制电子烟销售和立法维护空气质量标准，以鼓励实现最大肺功能并降低慢性肺病的风险。
Prenatal and childhood exposures have been shown to impact lung development, lung function trajectory, and incidence and prevalence of respiratory disease. Early life may serve as a window of susceptibility to such exposures, with the potential to influence lifelong respiratory health. Risk factors encountered in early life with potentially durable impact on lung health include prematurity, respiratory viral illness, allergen sensitization and exposure, tobacco use and exposure, indoor and outdoor pollution, diet, and obesity. These exposures vary in the extent to which they are modifiable, and interventions aimed at reducing harmful exposures range from individual-level behavior modification to policy initiatives implemented to promote population health. For many exposures, including tobacco-related exposures, multilevel interventions are needed. Future research is needed to provide insight as to early-life interventions to promote optimal lung growth and prevent development of chronic respiratory disease. Clinicians should play an active role, assisting individual patients in avoiding known detrimental exposures including maternal smoking during pregnancy and initiation of active smoking. Clinicians can be empowered by evidence to support policies promoting reduction of population-level risk factors, such as restriction on electronic cigarette sales and legislation to uphold air quality standards, to encourage attainment of maximal lung function and reduce risk of chronic lung disease.
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影响因子：
9.9
作者：
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14.2
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
14.2
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通讯作者：
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