Pediatric Obesity: Complications and Current Day Management.
Pediatric Obesity: Complications and Current Day Management.
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DOI：
10.3390/life13071591
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发表时间：
2023-07-20
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影响因子：
--
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
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肥胖影响全球约五分之一的青年，并增加青春期和青年期并发症的风险，包括2型糖尿病、血脂异常、高血压、非酒精性脂肪肝、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停和多囊卵巢综合征。患有肥胖症的儿童和青少年经常遭受体重耻辱，生活质量受损，这可能会加剧体重增加。儿童肥胖通常使用性别、年龄和人群特异性体重指数来定义。一旦确定，儿童肥胖应始终与生活方式的改变管理。然而，肥胖青少年也可能从抗肥胖药物（AOM）中获益，其中几种药物已被美国食品药品监督管理局批准用于青少年，包括利拉鲁肽、芬特明/托吡酯和Semaglutide。对于患有特定的、罕见的单基因肥胖症的儿童，可以使用setmelanotide，并可能导致显著的体重减轻。代谢和减肥手术可用于青少年严重肥胖的管理;虽然非常有效，但仅限于专门的中心，并且儿科吸收相对较低。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们使用来自原始研究、综述、临床实践指南、政府机构和制药公司的以儿科为重点的数据，回顾了青少年肥胖相关代谢并发症和管理策略，包括AOM和减肥手术。
Obesity affects approximately 1 in 5 youth globally and increases the risk of complications during adolescence and young adulthood, including type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, obstructive sleep apnea, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Children and adolescents with obesity frequently experience weight stigma and have an impaired quality of life, which may exacerbate weight gain. Pediatric obesity is typically defined using sex-, age-, and population-specific body mass index percentiles. Once identified, pediatric obesity should always be managed with lifestyle modification. However, adolescents with obesity may also benefit from anti-obesity medications (AOM), several of which have been approved for use in adolescents by the US Food and Drug Administration, including liraglutide, phentermine/topiramate, and semaglutide. For children with specific, rare monogenic obesity disorders, setmelanotide is available and may lead to significant weight loss. Metabolic and bariatric surgery may be used for the management of severe obesity in youth; though highly effective, it is limited to specialized centers and has had relatively low pediatric uptake. In this narrative review using pediatric-focused data from original research, reviews, clinical practice guidelines, governmental agencies, and pharmaceutical companies, we review obesity-related metabolic complications in youth and management strategies, including AOM and bariatric surgery.
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影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Anekwe, Chika Vera;Jarrell, Amber R.;Stanford, Fatima Cody
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
American Diabetes Association
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5.2
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影响因子：
44.5
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通讯作者：
Kuehnen, Peter
影响因子：
8.3
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通讯作者：
Samuels, Joshua A.