Meiotic Recombination in Yeast: Coronation of the Double-Strand-Break Repair Model
Meiotic Recombination in Yeast: Coronation of the Double-Strand-Break Repair Model
复制标题
酵母减数分裂重组：双链断裂修复模型的加冕
DOI：
10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81791-2
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
64.5
通讯作者：
F. Stahl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. Stahl
减数分裂减少了从核生物附近的一个亲本丢失的EU-DNA的染色体组成，从二倍体到单倍体。它通常被标记为DSB位点，然后通过交换合成Temby来补偿，即未切割的同源物上电镀的片段的相互交换，这是同源染色体之间的DNA所要求的。在许多DSBR模型中(图1)。生物，包括酵母菌，第二次有序分布，在DSBR模型中，两个二重体通过减数分裂依赖于这种连接分子中的这种重叠被一对交叉连接在一起。超度当然有助于霍利迪交汇点的形成(图1c)。在Holliday连接中，遗传可变性以及可能是相同极性的重要链在其维持过程中的双因子之间交换。遗传丛的分子模型。Schwacha和Kleckner证明，只有在阐明分子可以解离成双链后，他们的联合交换才可能实现，其中一些是Watson的DNA双链结构，并与远距离标记交叉，另一些则不是，Crick在1953年。许多关于减数分裂的令人望而生畏的数据，通过一种酶的体外作用，Holliday连接重组，被从大肠杆菌中分离出来的Robin Holliday的分解酶合理化。1964年这一生发建议的特殊性。在霍利迪的提议中，酶使联合分子很可能是减数分裂重新行为的初始事件，通过霍利迪连接将其结合在一起。此外，结合被推定为缺口之一的DSBR模型提出，每个参与的DNA双链的两条链的交替模式。这些结点的解决方案可以与Meselson和Radding的解决方案产生交叉，后者解决了一些或非交叉产品(图1D)。它源于霍利迪模型中的缺陷，即启动事件侧翼标记安排的父母性质是其中一名参与者的一条缺口。在1983年的联合分子中有偶数个，Szostak等人。提出减数分裂重组--这种连接，相同的两条链是由每个连接处被交换的两条链的断裂启动的，正如模型中两个参与的双链之一所要求的那样，Resnick也是如此(图1c)。简单的观点是，确切地说(1976年)有更早的几年。随后，在每个联合分子中实验了两个这样的连接，这正好是这个模型所假定的明显鲁莽的自由基提议的端口。机制已经建立了双链断裂，Schwacha和Kleckner的论文将重组的DSBR修复(DSBR)模型(图1)作为模型，建立在比已享有的主导范式更安全的基础上。这种支持包括任何先前的减数分裂重组模型的直接支持。在对减数分裂特异性双链的物理检测中，一个重要的水平，即减数分裂重组断裂的问题，这些断裂与酵母中起始的相关性似乎已经得到解决。然而，有了重组的位点，并通过证明该模型是正确的，重新解决了问题，在同一篇论文的讨论中，证明了断裂两侧的5端链的正确性，挑战了该模型的约600个碱基的创建3端突出的特征。长。然而，过渡结构之间的阶段模型(图1c)预测片段的双亲ofresectedendsandcompletedrecombinantmolecules脱氧核糖核酸(异源双链脱氧核糖核酸)在联合分子上仍然没有检测到。原始DSB的两面：…
Meiosis reduces the chromosome complement of a eu-DNA lost from one parent in the neighborhood of the karyote from diploidy to haploidy. It is typically marked DSB site and then compensated for by synthesis temby crossing over, the reciprocal exchange of segments plated on the uncut homologue, as called for by the of DNA between homologous chromosomes. In many DSBR model (Figure 1). creatures, including yeast, the orderly distribution of Second, in the DSBR model, the two duplexes particichromosomes through meiosis is dependent upon this pating in the joint molecule are held together by a pair crossing over. Crossing over certainly contributes to of Holliday junctions (Figure 1c). In a Holliday junction, genetic variability as well, and that may be an important strands of the same polarity are swapped between dufactor in its maintenance. Molecular models for genetic plexes. Schwacha and Kleckner showed that their joint exchange became possible only with the elucidation of molecules can be dissociated into duplexes, some the double-stranded structure of DNA by Watson and crossed over for the distant markers and some not, Crick in 1953. Many of the daunting data on meiotic by the in vitro action of an enzyme, Holliday junction recombination were rationalized by Robin Holliday’s resolvase, isolated from E. coli. The specificity of this germinal proposal of 1964. enzyme makes it likely that the joint molecules are, in-In Holliday’s proposal, the initial event in meiotic re- deed, held together by Holliday junctions. Furthermore, combination was presumed to be nicks in one of the the DSBR model proposed that alternate patterns of two strands of each of the participating DNA duplexes. resolution of these junctions could give either crossover In that of Meselson and Radding, which addressed some or noncrossover products (Figure 1d). It follows from shortcomings in Holliday’s model, the initiating event the parental nature of the flanking marker arrangements was a nick in one strand of one of the participants. In in the joint molecules that there is an even number of 1983, Szostak et al. proposed that meiotic recombina- such junctions and that the same two strands are tion was initiated by the breakage of both strands of swapped at each junction, as called for by the model one of the two participating duplexes, as did Resnick(Figure 1c). The simple view is that there are exactly (1976) afewyearsearlier. Subsequentexperimentalsup- two such junctions in each joint molecule, exactly as port for this radical proposal of an apparently foolhardy postulated by the model. mechanism has established the Double-Strand-Break The paper of Schwacha and Kleckner puts the DSBR Repair (DSBR) model for recombination (Figure 1) as model on more secure footing than has been enjoyed the dominant paradigm. This support included direct, by any preceding model for meiotic recombination. At physical detection of meiosis-specific double-strand animportantlevel, theproblemofmeioticrecombination breaks, the correlation of these breaks with initiation in yeast appears to have been solved. However, having sites forrecombination, andthe demonstration ofresec- solved the problem by vindicating the model, the aution of the 5!-ended strands on each side of a break to thors, in the Discussion in the same paper, challenge a create 3!-ended overhangs that are about 600 bases feature of that model. long. However, transition structures between the stage The model (Figure 1c) predicts segments of biparental ofresectedendsandcompletedrecombinantmolecules DNA (heteroduplex DNA) in the joint molecule on the remained undetected. two sides of the original DSB …
遗传证据表明，酿酒酵母 HIS4 基因座的减数分裂重组热点并不代表对称处理的双链断裂的位点。
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Porter,SE;White,MA;Petes,TD
通讯作者：
Petes,TD
酿酒酵母错配修复和基因重组之间的相互作用。
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Alani,E;Reenan,RA;Kolodner,RD
通讯作者：
Kolodner,RD