Behind the Wheel: Unraveling the Impact of Experience Over Age Over the First 18 Months of Licensure.
Behind the Wheel: Unraveling the Impact of Experience Over Age Over the First 18 Months of Licensure.
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驾驶：揭示驾驶执照前 18 个月内经验对年龄的影响。
DOI：
10.1093/jpepsy/jsad087
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Pawar,Piyush
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stavrinos,Despina;McManus,Benjamin;Mrug,Sylvie;Anthony,Thomas;Underhill,AndreaT;Pawar,Piyush
这项研究探讨了如何驾驶注意力发展与年龄和driving.MethodsIn这个观察纵向研究，190名青少年（53%的女性，73%的黑人）参加了四组：16- 18岁的青少年和没有驾驶经验。他们在18个月内接受了7次使用眼动追踪技术的驾驶模拟。通过使用因子和纵向设计相结合，该研究探讨了年龄和驾驶经验对驾驶attention.ResultsLicensed参与者的个人和综合影响的安全关键事件最初瞥一眼的几率较高（OR = 15. 01，95% CI：1. 36 - 165. 53），但这些几率在较高的驾驶速度下降（B=-0. 17，p <0. 01）。平均扫视长度随着时间的推移而减少（B=-0.26，p =.01），但在持照参与者中减少较少（B= 0.14，p =.01）。几个视觉行为的影响，环境和驾驶factors.ConclusionsMotor车辆碰撞（MVC）是沉重的负担和昂贵的社会。这项研究的重点是注意力不集中在MVC中的作用，特别是在青春期的危险时期。研究结果表明，驾驶经验，由执照确定，有相当大的影响视觉行为在短期内（在两个星期内获得许可证），并在前18个月的独立驾驶。总体而言，这些发现表明，持牌青少年更有可能识别道路上的潜在危险并安全导航。为了确保有效的指导，儿科心理学家和其他专业人员应该考虑个别患者的独特情况，需求和担忧。
ObjectiveThis study examined how driving attention develops with age and driving.MethodsIn this observational longitudinal study, 190 adolescents (53% female, 73% Black) were enrolled across four groups: 16- and 18-year olds with and without driving experience. They underwent driving simulation with eye-tracking technology seven times over 18 months. By using a combination of factorial and longitudinal designs, the study examined the individual and combined effects of age and driving experience on driving attention over time.ResultsLicensed participants had higher odds of glancing at safety-critical events initially (OR = 15.01, 95% CI: 1.36–165.53), but these odds decreased at higher driving speeds (b= −0.17,p<.01). Average glance length decreased over time (b= −0.26,p=.01), but less so in licensed participants (b=0.14,p=.01). Several visual behaviors were influenced by environmental and driving factors.ConclusionsMotor vehicle crashes (MVCs) are burdensome and costly to society. This study focused on the role of inattention in MVCs, particularly during the risky period of adolescence. Findings indicated that driving experience, as determined by licensure, had a considerable impact on visual behavior in both the short term (within two weeks of obtaining a license) and over the first 18 months of independent driving. Overall, these findings suggest that licensed adolescents are more likely to identify potential hazards on the road and navigate safely. To ensure effective guidance, pediatric psychologists and other professionals should consider the unique circumstances, needs, and concerns of individual patients.
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