Influenza M2 proton channels.
Influenza M2 proton channels.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbamem.2010.04.015
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发表时间：
2011-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chou JJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pielak RM;Chou JJ
流感病毒M2是一种耐人寻味的跨膜蛋白，在病毒包膜中形成一个微小的质子通道。其公认的功能是在病毒进入细胞时平衡病毒膜上的pH，并在病毒成熟期间平衡感染细胞的跨高尔基体膜上的pH。它对病毒复制至关重要，是抗流感药物金刚烷胺和金刚乙胺的靶标。最近，已经获得了流感A和流感B的M2通道的高分辨结构，为理解质子电导机制提供了迫切需要的结构细节。特别是，质子通道功能溶液核磁共振系统的建立使得能够同时进行高分辨率的结构表征和与通道活性耦合的通道动力学测量。本文从结构的角度总结了我们对质子如何通过M2通道的理解，以及重要的通道门控元件在质子传导过程中的作用方式。
M2 of the influenza virus is an intriguing transmembrane protein that forms a minuscule proton channel in the viral envelope. Its recognized function is to equilibrate pH across the viral membrane during cell entry and across the trans-Golgi membrane of infected cells during viral maturation. It is vital for viral replication and it is a target for the anti-influenza drugs, amantadine and rimantadine. Recently, high resolution structures of M2 channels of both flu A and B have been obtained, providing the desperately needed structural details for understanding the mechanism of proton conductance. In particular, the establishment of the functional solution NMR system of the proton channels enabled simultaneous high resolution structure characterization and measurement of channel dynamics coupled to channel activity. This review summarizes our current understanding of how protons are conducted through the M2 channel from a structural point of view, as well as the modes by which important channel gating elements function during proton conduction.
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