Cell-Type-Specific Optogenetic Techniques Reveal Neural Circuits Crucial for Episodic Memories.
Cell-Type-Specific Optogenetic Techniques Reveal Neural Circuits Crucial for Episodic Memories.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-981-15-8763-4_28
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kitamura T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yamamoto N;Marks WD;Kitamura T
情景记忆的形成和维持对我们的日常生活很重要。从药理学、电生理学和分子生物学的广泛研究中积累的证据表明，内鼻皮层（EC）和海马体（HPC）对情景记忆的形成和回忆至关重要。然而，为了进一步了解EC-HPC网络情景记忆过程的神经机制，需要在记忆过程中对神经活动进行高时间分辨率的细胞类型特异性操作。近年来，光遗传学与药理学、分子生物学和电生理学相结合的技术创新，极大地促进了我们对学习记忆回路机制的认识。光遗传学技术与转基因小鼠和/或病毒载体使我们能够操纵特定细胞群的神经活动，以及特定的神经投射与毫秒级的时间控制动物行为。将光遗传学与药物可调节的活性依赖基因表达系统相结合，已经确定了记忆印迹细胞，这是编码特定事件的细胞亚群。最后，利用光遗传学技术对神经活动进行毫秒脉冲刺激，进一步实现了i)鉴定目标神经群对之间的突触连通性，ii)细胞类型特异性单单元电生理记录，以及iii)人工诱导和修饰目标突触的突触可塑性。在本章中，我们总结了学习和记忆神经生物学领域的技术和概念进展，这些进展是通过光遗传学方法在啮齿动物情景记忆的EC-HPC网络中揭示的。
The formation and maintenance of episodic memories is important for our daily life. Accumulating evidence from extensive studies with pharmacological, electrophysiological and molecular biological approaches has shown that both entorhinal cortex (EC) and hippocampus (HPC) are crucial for the formation and recall of episodic memory. However, to further understand the neural mechanisms of episodic memory processes in the EC-HPC network, cell type-specific manipulation of neural activity with high temporal resolution during memory process has become necessary. Recently, the technological innovation of optogenetics combined with pharmacological, molecular biological and electrophysiological approaches have significantly advanced our understanding of the circuit mechanisms for learning and memory. Optogenetic techniques with transgenic mice and/or viral vectors enable us to manipulate the neural activity of specific cell populations as well as specific neural projections with millisecond-scale temporal control during animal behavior. Integrating optogenetics with drug-regulatable activity-dependent gene expression systems has identified memory engram cells, which are a sub-population of cells that encode a specific episode. Finally, millisecond pulse stimulation of neural activity by optogenetics has further achieved i) identification of synaptic connectivity between targeted pairs of neural populations, ii) cell-type specific single unit electrophysiological recordings, and iii) artificial induction and modification of synaptic plasticity in targeted synapses. In this chapter, we summarize technological and conceptual advancements in the field of neurobiology of learning and memory as revealed by optogenetic approaches in the rodent EC-HPC network for episodic memories.
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影响因子：
14.8
作者：
通讯作者：
--
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
Uchida, Naoshige
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Cowansage, Kiriana K.;Shuman, Tristan;Dillingham, Blythe C.;Chang, Allene;Golshani, Peyman;Mayford, Mark
通讯作者：
Mayford, Mark
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Chevaleyre V;Siegelbaum SA
通讯作者：
Siegelbaum SA
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.89.10.4363
发表时间：
1992-05-15
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
DUDEK, SM;BEAR, MF
通讯作者：
BEAR, MF