The absence of spatial echo suppression in the echolocating bats Megaderma lyra and Phyllostomus discolor

The absence of spatial echo suppression in the echolocating bats Megaderma lyra and Phyllostomus discolor
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回声定位蝙蝠 Megaderma lyra 和 Phyllostomus discolor 中缺乏空间回声抑制

DOI:
10.1242/jeb.01975
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发表时间:
2006
影响因子:
2.8
通讯作者:
L. Wiegrebe
L. Wiegrebe
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Maike Schuchmann;M. Hübner;L. Wiegrebe

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摘要 声学定向最常发生在回声环境中。哺乳动物的听觉系统表现出多种专门功能,可以抑制由回声介导的误导性空间信息。在心理物理学上,这些专业化被概括为优先效应。这项研究调查了回声定位蝙蝠如何处理来自不同空间位置的声纳发射的多次反射。在两种替代的强制选择范式中,研究了回声定位蝙蝠 Megaderma lyra 和 Phyllostomus discolor 自发抑制其声纳发射的第二次反射的空间信息的程度。第一次和第二次反射之间的延迟范围在 0 到 12.8 ms 之间。一般来说,无论延迟如何,M. lyra(五个个体)和 P. discolor(两个个体)都不会抑制其声纳发射的第二次反射的空间信息。只有一只天琴座 M. lyra 对 0.8 至 3.2 毫秒之间的延迟表现出显着的抑制。然而,这种抑制无法在精确重复的实验中得到证实。目前的数据表明,尽管蝙蝠可能能够抑制第二次反射的空间信息,但这并不是它们默认的听觉处理模式。空间回声抑制异常缺失的原因可能在于超声频率范围内耳蜗处理的时间常数较短以及与“优先效应”相关的认知成分的强烈影响。
SUMMARY Acoustic orientation most often takes place in echoic environments. The mammalian auditory system shows a variety of specializations to suppress misleading spatial information mediated by echoes. Psychophysically these specializations are summarized as the precedence effect. This study investigates how echolocating bats deal with multiple reflections of their sonar emissions from different spatial positions. In a two-alternative, forced choice paradigm, a study was made of the extent to which the echolocating bats Megaderma lyra and Phyllostomus discolor spontaneously suppress the spatial information of a second reflection of their sonar emission. The delay between the first and the second reflection ranged between 0 and 12.8 ms. In general, M. lyra (five individuals) and P. discolor (two individuals) did not suppress the spatial information of the second reflection of their sonar emission, whatever the delay. Only one M. lyra showed significant suppression for delays between 0.8 and 3.2 ms. However, this suppression could not be confirmed in an exact repetition of the experiment. The current data indicate that although bats may be able to suppress the spatial information of a second reflection, this is not their default mode of auditory processing. The reason for this exceptional absence of spatial echo suppression may lie in the shorter time constants of cochlear processing in the ultrasonic frequency range and the strong influence of cognitive components associated with the `precedence effect'.
DOI: 10.1152/jn.00606.2004
发表时间: 2004-12
影响因子: 2.5
作者:
D. Tollin;L. Populin;T. Yin
通讯作者: D. Tollin;L. Populin;T. Yin
DOI: 10.1121/1.408207
发表时间: 1993
期刊: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
影响因子: --
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发表时间: 1999-12-01
影响因子: 2.4
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通讯作者: Batra, R
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发表时间: 1983-01-01
影响因子: 2.4
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通讯作者: HARTMANN, WM
DOI: 10.1121/1.392474
发表时间: 1985-01-01
影响因子: 2.4
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通讯作者: HARTMANN, WM