Differential contributions of dorso-ventral and rostro-caudal prefrontal white matter tracts to cognitive control in healthy older adults.
Differential contributions of dorso-ventral and rostro-caudal prefrontal white matter tracts to cognitive control in healthy older adults.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0081410
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Parasuraman R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Strenziok M;Greenwood PM;Santa Cruz SA;Thompson JC;Parasuraman R
前额叶皮层通过沿背-腹轴和背-尾轴组织的电路调节认知控制。沿背-腹侧轴，腹侧PFC控制语义信息，而背侧PFC编码任务规则。沿背尾轴，前额叶前部皮层编码刺激之间的复杂规则和关系，而前额叶后部皮层编码刺激和行为之间的简单关系。这些前额叶皮层组织梯度的证据已经在功能磁共振成像研究中得到了很好的证明，但是它们的功能相关性还没有在潜在白质束的完整性方面得到检验。我们假设(a)特定白质束的完整性与认知功能相关，其方式与前额叶皮层的背-腹侧和背-尾侧组织一致，并且(b)这在健康的老年人中尤其明显。我们评估了三种认知过程，即情景记忆、工作记忆和推理，这三种认知过程涉及前额叶皮层，并能沿背-腹侧和背-尾侧维度区分白质束。认知与分数各向异性和纤维束图的相关性表明：(a)情景记忆与腹侧前额叶皮层-丘脑-海马纤维完整性有关；(b)工作记忆与服务于背外侧前额皮质的胼胝体体纤维的完整性有关；(c)推理与服务于吻侧和尾侧背外侧前额皮质的胼胝体体纤维的完整性有关。这些发现证实了腹外侧前额叶皮层在语义控制中的作用和背外侧前额叶皮层在基于规则的加工中的作用，与背-腹侧前额叶皮层梯度一致。与推理相关的吻侧和尾侧额上白质可能促进不同程度的任务规则复杂性。这项研究首次证明了背-腹侧和背-尾侧前额叶皮层处理白质完整性的梯度。
Prefrontal cortex mediates cognitive control by means of circuitry organized along dorso-ventral and rostro-caudal axes. Along the dorso-ventral axis, ventrolateral PFC controls semantic information, whereas dorsolateral PFC encodes task rules. Along the rostro-caudal axis, anterior prefrontal cortex encodes complex rules and relationships between stimuli, whereas posterior prefrontal cortex encodes simple relationships between stimuli and behavior. Evidence of these gradients of prefrontal cortex organization has been well documented in fMRI studies, but their functional correlates have not been examined with regard to integrity of underlying white matter tracts. We hypothesized that (a) the integrity of specific white matter tracts is related to cognitive functioning in a manner consistent with the dorso-ventral and rostro-caudal organization of the prefrontal cortex, and (b) this would be particularly evident in healthy older adults. We assessed three cognitive processes that recruit the prefrontal cortex and can distinguish white matter tracts along the dorso-ventral and rostro-caudal dimensions –episodic memory, working memory, and reasoning. Correlations between cognition and fractional anisotropy as well as fiber tractography revealed: (a) Episodic memory was related to ventral prefrontal cortex-thalamo-hippocampal fiber integrity; (b) Working memory was related to integrity of corpus callosum body fibers subserving dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; and (c) Reasoning was related to integrity of corpus callosum body fibers subserving rostral and caudal dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. These findings confirm the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex's role in semantic control and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex's role in rule-based processing, in accordance with the dorso-ventral prefrontal cortex gradient. Reasoning-related rostral and caudal superior frontal white matter may facilitate different levels of task rule complexity. This study is the first to demonstrate dorso-ventral and rostro-caudal prefrontal cortex processing gradients in white matter integrity.
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