Structures of carbon catabolite protein A-(HPr-Ser46-P) bound to diverse catabolite response element sites reveal the basis for high-affinity binding to degenerate DNA operators.

Structures of carbon catabolite protein A-(HPr-Ser46-P) bound to diverse catabolite response element sites reveal the basis for high-affinity binding to degenerate DNA operators.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gkq1177
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发表时间:
2011-04
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Brennan RG
Brennan RG
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schumacher MA;Sprehe M;Bartholomae M;Hillen W;Brennan RG

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在革兰氏阳性菌中,碳分解代谢蛋白A(CCPA)是碳分解代谢控制的主要调节者,确保在不同条件下的最佳能量利用。与其他LacI-GalR蛋白不同,CCPA通过首先与磷蛋白HPR-Ser46-P形成复合体来激活DNA结合。枯草芽孢杆菌CCPA既是转录抑制因子又是激活因子,它能与50多个被称为分解代谢反应元件(Cres)的操纵子结合。这些网站是高度退化的共识,WTGNNARCGNWWWCAW。CCPA-(HPR-Ser46-P)如何与这种不同的序列结合尚不清楚。为了深入了解这个问题,我们解决了CCPA-(HPR-Ser46-P)复合体与三个不同的操作符,合成的(Syn)cre,ackA2 cre和gntR-down cre结合的结构。值得注意的是,结构表明CCPA束缚的算符表现出不同的弯曲角度,范围从31°到56°。这些差异被CCPA螺旋-旋转-螺旋-环-螺旋基序和铰链螺旋之间的灵活连接所容纳,这使得这些DNA结合模块能够独立对接。这种灵活性再加上大量能够非特异碱基相互作用的非极性残基,使得CCPA-(HPR-Ser46-P)能够结合不同的操纵子。事实上,生化数据显示,CCPA-(HPR-Ser46-P)以相似的亲和力结合三个cre位点。因此,这些数据揭示了这种蛋白质作为全球转录调节因子发挥作用的特性。
In Gram-positive bacteria, carbon catabolite protein A (CcpA) is the master regulator of carbon catabolite control, which ensures optimal energy usage under diverse conditions. Unlike other LacI-GalR proteins, CcpA is activated for DNA binding by first forming a complex with the phosphoprotein HPr-Ser46-P. Bacillus subtilis CcpA functions as both a transcription repressor and activator and binds to more than 50 operators called catabolite response elements (cres). These sites are highly degenerate with the consensus, WTGNNARCGNWWWCAW. How CcpA–(HPr-Ser46-P) binds such diverse sequences is unclear. To gain insight into this question, we solved the structures of the CcpA–(HPr-Ser46-P) complex bound to three different operators, the synthetic (syn) cre, ackA2 cre and gntR-down cre. Strikingly, the structures show that the CcpA-bound operators display different bend angles, ranging from 31° to 56°. These differences are accommodated by a flexible linkage between the CcpA helix-turn-helix-loop-helix motif and hinge helices, which allows independent docking of these DNA-binding modules. This flexibility coupled with an abundance of non-polar residues capable of non-specific nucleobase interactions permits CcpA–(HPr-Ser46-P) to bind diverse operators. Indeed, biochemical data show that CcpA–(HPr-Ser46-P) binds the three cre sites with similar affinities. Thus, the data reveal properties that license this protein to function as a global transcription regulator.
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