Lysosomal alpha-galactosidase controls the generation of self lipid antigens for natural killer T cells.

Lysosomal alpha-galactosidase controls the generation of self lipid antigens for natural killer T cells.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.immuni.2010.08.003
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发表时间:
2010-08-27
期刊:
影响因子:
32.4
通讯作者:
Winau F
Winau F
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Darmoise A;Teneberg S;Bouzonville L;Brady RO;Beck M;Kaufmann SH;Winau F

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自然杀伤T细胞(Natural Killer T,NKT)是一种脂类反应性、CD1d限制性T淋巴细胞,在感染、癌症和自身免疫中起重要作用。除了外来抗原,NKT细胞还与内源性自身脂类起反应。然而,在刺激自身抗原的情况下,如何避免NKT细胞的过度刺激仍不清楚。我们假设,不断降解的内源性抗原只有在抑制溶酶体中的α-半乳糖苷酶A(α-GalA)时才会积聚。在这里,我们证明了α-GalA缺乏导致NKT细胞的强烈激活。此外,微生物还能抑制抗原提呈细胞的α-Gal-A活性。这种暂时的酶阻断依赖于Toll样受体(TLR)信号,并最终触发溶酶体脂积聚。因此,我们提出依赖TLR对α-Gal-A的负调节作为NKT细胞病原体识别和自身脂质抗原诱导之间的机制联系。
Natural Killer T (NKT) cells are lipid-reactive, CD1d-restricted T lymphocytes important in infection, cancer, and autoimmunity. In addition to foreign antigens, NKT cells react with endogenous self lipids. However, in the face of stimulating self antigen, it remains unclear how overstimulation of NKT cells is avoided. We hypothesized that constantly degraded endogenous antigen only accumulates upon inhibition of α-galactosidase A (α-Gal-A) in lysosomes. Here, we show that α-Gal-A deficiency caused vigorous activation of NKT cells. Moreover, microbes induced inhibition of α-Gal-A activity in antigen-presenting cells. This temporary enzyme block depended on Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling and ultimately triggered lysosomal lipid accumulation. Thus, we present TLR-dependent negative regulation of α-Gal-A as a mechanistic link between pathogen recognition and self lipid antigen induction for NKT cells.
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